高等教育中医疗保健和社会工作专业学生的健康促进因素：一项多中心纵向研究的基线数据分析。
Health-promoting factors among students in higher education within health care and social work: a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data in a multicentre longitudinal study.
机构信息
Department of Rehabilitation, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.
School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Box 823, S-30118, Halmstad, Sweden.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2022 Jul 9;22(1):1314. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13690-z.
BACKGROUND
Educational environments are considered important in strengthening students' health status and knowledge, which are associated with good educational outcomes. It has been suggested to establish healthy universities based on a salutogenic approach - namely, health promotion. The aim of this study was to describe health-promoting resources and factors among first-semester students in higher education in healthcare and social work.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study is based on a survey distributed among all students in seven healthcare and social work programmes at six universities in southern Sweden. The survey was carried out in 2018 using a self-reported, web-based questionnaire focussing on general health and well-being, lifestyle factors together with three validated instruments measuring health-promoting factors and processes: the Sense of Coherence (SOC) scale, Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale (SHIS) and Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ).
RESULTS
Of 2283 students, 851 (37.3%) completed the survey, of whom 742 (87.1%) were women; 722 (84.8%) were enrolled on healthcare programmes, and 129 (15.2%) were enrolled on social work programmes. Most reported good general health and well-being (88.1% and 83.7%, respectively). The total mean scores for the SOC scale, SHIS and OBQ were, respectively, 59.09 (SD = 11.78), 44.04 (SD = 9.38) and 26.40 (SD = 7.07). Well-being and several healthy lifestyles were related to better general health and higher SOC, SHIS and OBQ scores. Multiple linear and logistic regressions showed that perceived well-being and no sleeping problems significantly predicted higher general health and higher SOC, SHIS and OBQ scores. Being less sedentary and non-smoking habits were significant predictors of higher SOC.
CONCLUSIONS
Swedish students in higher education within the healthcare and social work sector report good general health and well-being in the first semester, as well as health-promoting resources (i.e. SOC, SHIS and OBQ), and in some aspects, a healthy lifestyle. High-intensity exercise, no sleeping problems and non-smoking seem to be of importance to both general health and health-promotive resources. This study contributes to knowledge about the health promotive characteristics of students in the healthcare and social work fields, which is of importance for planning universities with a salutogenic approach.
背景
教育环境被认为在增强学生的健康状况和知识方面很重要，而健康状况和知识与良好的教育成果有关。有人建议基于健康促进方法（即健康促进）建立健康的大学。本研究的目的是描述高等教育中医疗保健和社会工作专业第一学期学生的健康促进资源和因素。
方法
这是一项基于调查的横断面研究，调查对象为瑞典南部六所大学七个医疗保健和社会工作项目的所有学生。该调查于 2018 年使用自我报告的网络问卷进行，重点关注一般健康和幸福感、生活方式因素以及三个经验证的衡量健康促进因素和过程的工具：《领悟社会支持量表》（SOC）、《健康促进指标量表》（SHIS）和《职业平衡问卷》（OBQ）。
结果
在 2283 名学生中，有 851 名（37.3%）完成了调查，其中 742 名（87.1%）为女性；722 名（84.8%）注册医疗保健课程，129 名（15.2%）注册社会工作课程。大多数人报告说他们的一般健康和幸福感良好（分别为 88.1%和 83.7%）。SOC 量表、SHIS 和 OBQ 的总平均得分分别为 59.09（SD=11.78）、44.04（SD=9.38）和 26.40（SD=7.07）。幸福感和几种健康的生活方式与更好的一般健康和更高的 SOC、SHIS 和 OBQ 评分相关。多元线性和逻辑回归表明，感知到的幸福感和没有睡眠问题显著预测更高的一般健康和更高的 SOC、SHIS 和 OBQ 评分。少久坐和不吸烟是 SOC 的显著预测因素。
结论
瑞典高等教育中医疗保健和社会工作领域的学生在第一学期报告了良好的一般健康和幸福感，以及健康促进资源（即 SOC、SHIS 和 OBQ），并且在某些方面，还拥有健康的生活方式。高强度运动、没有睡眠问题和不吸烟似乎对一般健康和健康促进资源都很重要。本研究有助于了解医疗保健和社会工作领域学生的健康促进特征，这对于规划以健康促进为方法的大学很重要。
Zotero 插件