Mulvenna Christina C, McCormack Ursula M, Magowan Elizabeth, McKillen John, Bedford Mike R, Walk Carrie L, Oster Michael, Reyer Henry, Wimmers Klaus, Fornara Dario A, Ball M Elizabeth E
Agri-Food & Biosciences Institute (AFBI), Newforge Lane, Belfast BT9 5PX, UK.
DSM Nutritional Products France, Centre De Recherche En Nutrition Animale, 68305 Saint-Louis, France.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Jun 29;12(13):1669. doi: 10.3390/ani12131669.
This study assessed the use of locally sourced sustainable feed ingredients, rapeseed meal (RSM) and maize dried distiller grains with solubles (DDGS) in diets over traditional ingredients on the growth performance, bone strength and nutrient digestibility of broilers. This work also investigated the effects of supplementing exogenous phytase in two doses (500 vs. 1500 FTU/kg). Using male Ross 308 chicks (n = 320) assigned to receive one of four experimental diets: (1) Positive control diet 1 (PC1), a wheat, soya-based diet + 500 FTU/kg phytase. (2) Positive control diet 2, RSM/DDGS diet + 500 FTU/kg phytase (PC2). (3) Negative control (NC) reduced nutrient RSM/DDGS diet, no phytase. (4) The NC diet plus 1500 FTU/kg phytase (NC+). PC1 birds displayed higher feed intake and body weight gain consistently throughout the trial (p < 0.001) as well as increased body weight by 28 d and 42 d (p < 0.001). Whole-body dual emission X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) analysis revealed PC1 birds also had higher bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), total bone mass, total lean mass and total fat mass than birds offered other treatments (p < 0.01). Diet had no significant effect on bone strength. Phytase superdosing improved the digestibility of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), gross energy (GE), calcium (Ca), potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) compared to birds in other treatment groups. The phytase superdose also improved performance in comparison to birds offered the NC diet. Phytase superdosing increased the IP6 and IP5 degradation and increased the ileal inositol concentration of the birds. N excretion was lower for birds offered the traditional wheat−soya diet and highest for those offered the high-specification RSM/DDGS diet with a commercial dose of phytase. The addition of a phytase superdose to the negative control diet (NC+) reduced P excretion of birds by 15% compared to birds offered NC.
本研究评估了在肉鸡日粮中使用本地来源的可持续饲料原料——菜籽粕（RSM）和玉米干酒糟及其可溶物（DDGS）替代传统原料，对肉鸡生长性能、骨骼强度和养分消化率的影响。这项工作还研究了添加两种剂量（500与1500 FTU/kg）外源植酸酶的效果。使用雄性罗斯308雏鸡（n = 320），将其分配至四种实验日粮之一：（1）阳性对照日粮1（PC1），一种基于小麦、大豆的日粮 + 500 FTU/kg植酸酶。（2）阳性对照日粮2，RSM/DDGS日粮 + 500 FTU/kg植酸酶（PC2）。（3）阴性对照（NC），营养成分降低的RSM/DDGS日粮，不添加植酸酶。（4）NC日粮 + 1500 FTU/kg植酸酶（NC+）。在整个试验期间，PC1组的鸡始终表现出较高的采食量和体重增加（p < 0.001），并且在28日龄和42日龄时体重增加（p < 0.001）。全身双能X线吸收法（DXA）分析显示，与其他处理组的鸡相比，PC1组的鸡还具有更高的骨矿物质密度（BMD）、骨矿物质含量（BMC）、总骨量、总瘦肉量和总脂肪量（p < 0.01）。日粮对骨骼强度无显著影响。与其他处理组的鸡相比，超量添加植酸酶提高了干物质（DM）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、总能（GE）、钙（Ca）、钾（K）和镁（Mg）的消化率。与饲喂NC日粮的鸡相比，超量添加植酸酶也改善了生产性能。超量添加植酸酶增加了肌醇六磷酸（IP6）和肌醇五磷酸（IP5）的降解，并提高了鸡回肠肌醇浓度。饲喂传统小麦 - 大豆日粮的鸡氮排泄量较低，而饲喂高规格RSM/DDGS日粮并添加商业剂量植酸酶的鸡氮排泄量最高。与饲喂NC日粮的鸡相比，在阴性对照日粮中添加超量植酸酶（NC+）使鸡的磷排泄量降低了15%。
