饲喂添加木聚糖酶、β-葡聚糖酶和植酸酶的小麦型日粮的肉鸡内源酶活性和胫骨骨骼发育

Endogenous enzyme activities and tibia bone development of broiler chickens fed wheat-based diets supplemented with xylanase, β-glucanase and phytase.

作者信息

Al-Qahtani Mohammed, Ahiwe Emmanuel Uchenna, Abdallh Medani Eldow, Chang'a Edwin Peter, Gausi Harriet, Bedford Michael R, Iji Paul Ade

机构信息

School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.

Ministry of Education, Riyadh, 12435, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

Anim Biosci. 2021 Jun;34(6):1049-1060. doi: 10.5713/ajas.19.0885. Epub 2020 Apr 12.

DOI:10.5713/ajas.19.0885

PMID:32299170

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8100487/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

This study assessed the effect of different levels of xylanase, β-glucanase and phytase on intestinal enzyme activities and tibia bone development in broiler chickens fed wheat-based diets.

METHODS

Twelve experimental diets were formulated using a 3×2×2 factorial design (three doses of phytase and two doses of both xylanase and β-glucanase) and offered to 648 dayold Ross 308 male chicks having 6 replicates groups with 9 birds per replicate and lasted for 35 days.

RESULTS

An interaction between the enzymes products improved (p<0.01) the activity of chymotrypsin. Protein content at d 10 was highest (p<0.001) with addition of phytase while general proteolytic activity (GPA) (p<0.02) and lipase activity (p<0.001) were decreased. At d 24, there were improvements in protein content (p<0.01) and lipase (p<0.04) with supplementation of superdose phytase. Addition of superdose phytase decreased in chymotrypsin (p<0.02), trypsin (p<0.01) and GPA (p<0.001). The optimum dose of xylanase decreased the chymotrypsin activity (p = 0.05), while the GPA (p<0.001) was increased with the optimum level of β-glucanase. Superdose phytase supplementation at d 10 improved maltase (p = 0.05), sucrase (p<0.001) and alkaline phosphatase (p<0.001) activities in the jejunum while aminopeptidase activity was highest (p<0.005) with the low level of phytase. Protein content of jejunum mucosa was bigger (p<0.001) in birds fed superdose phytase while maltase activity (p<0.001) at d 24 was reduced by this treatment. Sucrase (p<0.04) and aminopeptidase activities (p<0.001) improved when diets supplemented with low levels of phytase. Tibia bone breaking strength was highest (p<0.04) with addition of low level of superdose phytase or optimum level of β-glucanase. Bone dry matter content decreased (p<0.04) when diets supplemented with phytase.

CONCLUSION

From the results obtained in this study, supplementation of superdose phytase was the most effective, however, the cost-benefit analysis of the use of such a dose needs to be evaluated.

摘要

目的

本研究评估了不同水平的木聚糖酶、β-葡聚糖酶和植酸酶对以小麦为基础日粮的肉鸡肠道酶活性及胫骨骨骼发育的影响。

方法

采用3×2×2析因设计（三种植酸酶剂量以及两种木聚糖酶和β-葡聚糖酶剂量）配制12种实验日粮，提供给648只1日龄的罗斯308雄性雏鸡，分为6个重复组，每组9只，实验持续35天。

结果

酶产品之间的相互作用提高了（p<0.01）胰凝乳蛋白酶的活性。添加植酸酶时，第10天的蛋白质含量最高（p<0.001），而总蛋白水解活性（GPA）（p<0.02）和脂肪酶活性（p<0.001）降低。在第24天，添加超高剂量植酸酶可提高蛋白质含量（p<0.01）和脂肪酶活性（p<0.04）。添加超高剂量植酸酶会降低胰凝乳蛋白酶（p<0.02）、胰蛋白酶（p<0.01）和GPA（p<0.001）的活性。木聚糖酶的最佳剂量降低了胰凝乳蛋白酶活性（p = 0.05），而β-葡聚糖酶的最佳水平则提高了GPA（p<0.001）。在第10天添加超高剂量植酸酶可提高空肠中的麦芽糖酶（p = 0.05）、蔗糖酶（p<0.001）和碱性磷酸酶（p<0.001）活性，而低水平植酸酶时氨肽酶活性最高（p<0.005）。饲喂超高剂量植酸酶的鸡空肠黏膜蛋白质含量更高（p<0.001），但该处理会降低第24天的麦芽糖酶活性（p<0.001）。日粮添加低水平植酸酶时，蔗糖酶（p<0.04）和氨肽酶活性（p<0.001）提高。添加低水平超高剂量植酸酶或β-葡聚糖酶的最佳水平时，胫骨骨骼断裂强度最高（p<0.04）。日粮添加植酸酶时，骨骼干物质含量降低（p<0.04）。