Lee Kyung-Dong, Shim Sun-Yup
Department of Companion Animal Industry, College of Health & Welfare, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea.
Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea.
Foods. 2022 Jun 27;11(13):1910. doi: 10.3390/foods11131910.
Asthma is a highly prevalent inflammatory disease of the respiratory airways and an increasing health risk worldwide. Hence, finding new strategies to control or attenuate this condition is necessary. This study suggests nutraceuticals that are a combination of herbal plant extracts prepared from (AS), (CL) (DM), (AH), and L. (RS) that can improve immunomodulatory ability through the detoxification and diuresis of air pollutants. Herbal parts (AH whole plant, RS and CL roots, AS and DM stems, and DM leaves) were selected, and four types of mixtures using plant extracts were prepared. Among these mixtures, M2 and M4 exhibited antioxidant activities in potent 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazine (DPPH) radical assays. Moreover, M4 exhibited a marked increase in glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and significantly inhibited the inflammatory mediator, nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α generation. Furthermore, M4 exhibited the strongest antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects and was selected to prepare the product. Before manufacturing the product, we determined that the active mixture, M4, inhibited gene expression and generation of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in ovalbumin (OVA)-, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-, and particulate matter (PM)-induced asthmatic rat models. The granular product (GP) was manufactured using M4 along with additives, i.e., lactose, oligosaccharide, stevioside extract, and nutmeg seed essential oils (flavor masking), in a ratio of 1:4 using a granulation machine, dried and ultimately packaged. The GP inhibited the generation of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in OVA-, LPS- and PM-induced asthmatic rat models. These results suggest that GP prepared from a combination of herbal plants (AS, CL, DM, AH and RS) is a potent functional food with anti-inflammatory activity that can be used to treat asthma caused by ambient air pollutants.
哮喘是一种在呼吸道中高度流行的炎症性疾病，在全球范围内对健康构成的风险日益增加。因此，有必要寻找控制或减轻这种病症的新策略。本研究表明，营养保健品是由（AS）、（CL）（DM）、（AH）和L.（RS）制备的草药植物提取物的组合，其可通过空气污染物的解毒和利尿作用提高免疫调节能力。选取了草药部位（AH全株、RS和CL根、AS和DM茎以及DM叶），并制备了四种使用植物提取物的混合物。在这些混合物中，M2和M4在高效的2,2-联氮-双-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二铵盐（ABTS）和1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼（DPPH）自由基测定中表现出抗氧化活性。此外，M4的谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）活性显著增加，并显著抑制炎症介质一氧化氮（NO）以及促炎细胞因子白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α的产生。此外，M4表现出最强的抗氧化、肝脏保护和抗炎作用，并被选用于制备产品。在制造产品之前，我们确定活性混合物M4在卵清蛋白（OVA）、脂多糖（LPS）和颗粒物（PM）诱导的哮喘大鼠模型中抑制促炎细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的基因表达和产生。颗粒产品（GP）使用M4以及添加剂（即乳糖、低聚糖、甜菊糖苷提取物和肉豆蔻籽精油（掩味））以1:4的比例通过制粒机制备，干燥并最终包装。GP在OVA、LPS和PM诱导的哮喘大鼠模型中抑制促炎细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的产生。这些结果表明，由草药植物（AS、CL、DM、AH和RS）组合制备的GP是一种具有抗炎活性的有效功能性食品，可用于治疗由环境空气污染物引起的哮喘。
