Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea.
Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jun 24;23(13):7047. doi: 10.3390/ijms23137047.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been adopted in various preclinical and clinical studies because of their multipotency and low immunogenicity. However, numerous obstacles relating to safety issues remain. Therefore, MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recently employed. EVs are nano-sized endoplasmic reticulum particles generated and released in cells that have similar biological functions to their origin cells. EVs act as cargo for bioactive molecules such as proteins and genetic materials and facilitate tissue regeneration. EVs obtained from adipose-derived MSC (ADMSC) also have neuroprotective and neurogenesis effects. On the basis of the versatile effects of EVs, we aimed to enhance the neural differentiation ability of ADMSC-derived EVs by elucidating the neurogenic-differentiation process. ADMSC-derived EVs isolated from neurogenesis conditioned media (differentiated EVs, dEVs) increased neurogenic ability by altering innate microRNA expression and cytokine composition. Consequently, dEVs promoted neuronal differentiation of neural progenitor cells in vitro, suggesting that dEVs are a prospective candidate for EV-based neurological disorder regeneration therapy.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）由于其多能性和低免疫原性，已被应用于各种临床前和临床研究。然而，与安全性问题相关的许多障碍仍然存在。因此，最近采用了 MSC 衍生的细胞外囊泡（EVs）。EVs 是细胞内产生和释放的纳米大小的内质网颗粒，具有与其起源细胞相似的生物学功能。EVs 作为生物活性分子（如蛋白质和遗传物质）的载体，促进组织再生。从脂肪来源的 MSC（ADMSC）获得的 EVs 也具有神经保护和神经发生作用。基于 EVs 的多种作用，我们旨在通过阐明神经发生分化过程来增强 ADMSC 衍生 EVs 的神经分化能力。从神经发生条件培养基中分离的 ADMSC 衍生 EVs（分化 EVs，dEVs）通过改变固有 microRNA 表达和细胞因子组成来增加神经发生能力。因此，dEVs 促进了体外神经祖细胞的神经元分化，表明 dEVs 是 EV 为基础的神经紊乱再生治疗的有前途的候选物。
