Nikolova Ivanka, Paunova-Krasteva Tsvetelina, Petrova Zdravka, Grozdanov Petar, Nikolova Nadya, Tsonev Georgi, Triantafyllidis Alexandros, Andreev Stoyan, Trepechova Madlena, Milkova Viktoria, Vilhelmova-Ilieva Neli
Department of Virology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 26 Georgi Bonchev, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Department of General Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 26 Georgi Bonchev, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jun 23;11(13):1666. doi: 10.3390/plants11131666.
Bulgaria is a country with a wide range of medicinal plants, with uses in traditional medicine dating back for centuries.
Disc diffusion assay was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the plant extracts. A cytopathic effect inhibition test was used for the assessment of the antiviral activity of the extracts. The virucidal activity of the extracts, their influence on the stage of viral adsorption, and their protective effect on uninfected cells were reported using the end-point dilution method, and Δlgs was determined as compared to the untreated controls.
The results of the study reveal that the antibacterial potential of and extracts in Gram-positive bacteria is more effective than in Gram-negative bacteria. When applied during the replication of HSV-1 and HCov-OC-43, only some of the extracts showed weak activity, with SI between 2 to 8.5. Almost all tested extracts inhibited the extracellular virions of the studied enveloped viruses (HSV-1 and HCov-OC-43) to a greater extent than of the non-enveloped viruses (PV-1 and HAdV-5). They inhibited the stage of viral adsorption (HSV-1) in the host cell (MDBK) to varying degrees and showed a protective effect on healthy cells (MDBK) before they were subjected to viral invasion (HSV-1).
The antipathogenic potential of extracts of and suggests their effectiveness as antimicrobial agents. All 13 extracts of the Bulgarian medicinal plants studied can be used to reduce viral yield in a wide range of viral infections.
保加利亚是一个拥有多种药用植物的国家，其在传统医学中的应用可追溯到几个世纪以前。
采用纸片扩散法评估植物提取物的抗菌活性。采用细胞病变效应抑制试验评估提取物的抗病毒活性。使用终点稀释法报告提取物的杀病毒活性、它们对病毒吸附阶段的影响以及它们对未感染细胞的保护作用，并与未处理的对照相比确定Δlgs。
研究结果表明，[植物名称1]和[植物名称2]提取物对革兰氏阳性菌的抗菌潜力比对革兰氏阴性菌更有效。在单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1）和人冠状病毒OC43（HCov-OC-43）复制期间应用时，只有一些提取物显示出较弱的活性，选择性指数（SI）在2至8.5之间。几乎所有测试的提取物对所研究的包膜病毒（HSV-1和HCov-OC-43）的细胞外病毒粒子的抑制程度大于对非包膜病毒（脊髓灰质炎病毒1型（PV-1）和人腺病毒5型（HAdV-5））的抑制程度。它们在不同程度上抑制了宿主细胞（MDBK）中病毒吸附阶段（HSV-1），并在健康细胞（MDBK）受到病毒侵袭（HSV-1）之前对其显示出保护作用。
[植物名称1]和[植物名称2]提取物的抗病原体潜力表明它们作为抗菌剂的有效性。所研究的保加利亚药用植物的所有13种提取物均可用于降低多种病毒感染中的病毒产量。
