Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
Fuse, The Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
Nutrients. 2022 Jun 24;14(13):2626. doi: 10.3390/nu14132626.
Limited research exists on the effectiveness of product placement in secondary schools. We explored the impact of re-positioning sweet-baked goods, fruit, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and water on pupil's lunchtime purchases in two secondary schools in North-East England. We employed a stepped-wedge design with two clusters and four time periods. The intervention(s) involved re-positioning selected food and drinks to increase and decrease accessibility of 'healthier' and 'less healthy' items, respectively. Unidentifiable smartcard data measured the change in number of pupil's purchasing the above items. McNemar tests were undertaken on paired nominal data in Stata(v15). In School A, pupils purchasing fruit pots from control to intervention increased ( = 0 cf. = 81; OR 0, 95% CI 0 to 0.04); post-intervention, this was not maintained. In School B, from control to intervention pupil's purchasing sweet-baked goods decreased ( = 183 cf. = 147; OR 1.2, 95% CI 1 to 1.6). This continued post-intervention ( = 161 cf. = 122; OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.7) and was similar for SSBs ( = 180 cf. = 79; OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.7 to 3.0). We found no evidence of other changes. There is some evidence that product placement may positively affect pupil's food and drink purchases. However, there are additional aspects to consider, such as, product availability, engaging canteen staff and the individual school context.
关于产品植入在中学的有效性的研究有限。我们在英格兰东北部的两所中学探索了重新定位烘烤甜食、水果、含糖饮料（SSB）和水对学生午餐购买的影响。我们采用了两步楔形设计，有两个集群和四个时间段。干预措施包括重新定位选定的食物和饮料，以分别增加和减少“更健康”和“不太健康”物品的可及性。无法识别的智能卡数据测量了学生购买上述物品数量的变化。在 Stata(v15)中对配对的名义数据进行了 McNemar 检验。在学校 A，从对照到干预，购买水果罐的学生人数增加（ = 0 与 = 81；OR 0，95%CI 0 到 0.04）；干预后，这一趋势并未保持。在学校 B，从对照到干预，购买烘烤甜食的学生人数减少（ = 183 与 = 147；OR 1.2，95%CI 1 到 1.6）。这一趋势在干预后仍在继续（ = 161 与 = 122；OR 1.3，95%CI 1.0 到 1.7），对 SSB 也是如此（ = 180 与 = 79；OR 2.3，95%CI 1.7 到 3.0）。我们没有发现其他变化的证据。有一些证据表明，产品植入可能会对学生的食品和饮料购买产生积极影响。然而，还有其他方面需要考虑，例如产品的可获得性、吸引食堂工作人员和学校的个别情况。
