Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland.
Psychology Department, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia.
J Clin Sleep Med. 2022 Nov 1;18(11):2527-2536. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.10126.
Short sleep duration and evening chronotype are independently associated with negative health outcomes. However, it is unclear how adolescent sleep duration and chronotype are longitudinally associated with health outcomes during early adulthood.
Participants from the NEXT Generation Health Study (n = 2,783; 54.5% female) completed measures of sleep duration (scheduled day and unscheduled day) and chronotype in high school. Sleep duration, chronotype, general health, depressive symptoms, and psychosomatic symptoms were also assessed 4 years after high school. Latent variables estimated high school scheduled-day sleep duration, unscheduled-day sleep duration, and chronotype using the during high school measures. Two path analyses tested the prospective associations between high school sleep duration (separate models for scheduled and unscheduled days) and chronotype with 4 years after high school health outcomes as mediated by concurrent sleep duration and chronotype.
In the scheduled-day model, longer high school sleep duration and later chronotype were associated with longer duration and later chronotype in early adulthood. Longer high school sleep duration was directly associated with fewer psychosomatic symptoms and indirectly associated with fewer depressive and psychosomatic symptoms through longer sleep duration in early adulthood. Later chronotype in high school was indirectly associated with poorer general health, greater depressive symptoms, and greater psychosomatic symptoms in early adulthood through later chronotype.
Findings highlight the roles of scheduled-day sleep duration and evening chronotype in shaping health outcomes and suggest the importance of chronotype and optimal sleep habits among adolescents.
Maultsby KD, Temmen CD, Lewin D, et al. Longitudinal associations between high school sleep characteristics and young adult health outcomes. . 2022;18(11):2527-2536.
睡眠时间短和夜间时型与负面健康结果独立相关。然而，目前尚不清楚青少年的睡眠时间和时型如何与成年早期的健康结果进行纵向关联。
下一代健康研究（NEXT Generation Health Study，NEXTHS）的参与者（n=2783；54.5%为女性）在高中时完成了睡眠时间（计划日和非计划日）和时型的测量。高中毕业后 4 年，还评估了睡眠时长、时型、总体健康、抑郁症状和身心症状。使用高中期间的测量数据，使用潜在变量估计了高中计划日睡眠时间、非计划日睡眠时间和时型。两项路径分析测试了高中睡眠时间（分别为计划日和非计划日的模型）和时型与 4 年后健康结果之间的前瞻性关联，其中健康结果通过同时期的睡眠时长和时型来介导。
在计划日模型中，较长的高中睡眠时间和较晚的时型与成年早期较长的睡眠时间和较晚的时型相关。较长的高中睡眠时间与较少的身心症状直接相关，并且通过成年早期较长的睡眠时间与较少的抑郁症状和身心症状间接相关。高中时较晚的时型通过成年早期较晚的时型与较差的总体健康、更多的抑郁症状和更多的身心症状间接相关。
研究结果强调了计划日睡眠时间和夜间时型在塑造健康结果方面的作用，并表明青少年时型和最佳睡眠习惯的重要性。
Maultsby KD, Temmen CD, Lewin D, et al. Longitudinal associations between high school sleep characteristics and young adult health outcomes.. 2022;18(11):2527-2536.
