异质性临床样本中的心理健康。一项关于预测因素和性别差异的横断面研究。
Mental health in a heterogeneous clinical sample. A cross-sectional study of predictors and gender differences.
作者信息
González-Sanguino Clara, Ausín Berta, Castellanos Miguel Ángel, Muñoz Manuel
机构信息
Clinical Psychology Department, School of Education and Social Work, University of Valladolid, Extraordinary Chair Against Stigma UCM-Group 5, Spain.
Clinical Psychology Department, School of Psychology, University Complutense of Madrid, Extraordinary Chair Against Stigma UCM-group 5, Spain.
出版信息
Heliyon. 2022 Jun 29;8(7):e09823. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09823. eCollection 2022 Jul.
INTRODUCTION
Women have been shown to be a vulnerable group in relation to mental health problems over time. Despite this, gender-focused studies are uncommon. The aim of this research is to study mental health in a sample of people with mental health problems and to analyze the differences and predictors focusing on gender.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study is conducted in a heterogeneous clinical sample in terms of mental health problems (N = 160). Interviews with hetero-reported standardized questionnaires to collect the data are conducted. Descriptive analyses, mean difference and a regression analysis on mental health are carried out taking into account different sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial variables.
RESULTS
Women in the study present worse levels of mental health and subjective severity of the disorder. The main predictors of mental health are being female, followed by severity, shorter time with the diagnosis and internalized stigma.
CONCLUSION
Being female is the most robust predictor of worse mental health and symptomatology. Recommendations according to the results found proposing a gender perspective are suggested.
引言
长期以来，女性在心理健康问题方面一直被视为弱势群体。尽管如此，以性别为重点的研究并不常见。本研究的目的是对有心理健康问题的人群样本进行心理健康研究，并分析关注性别的差异和预测因素。
方法
在一个心理健康问题各异的临床样本（N = 160）中进行横断面研究。通过对异性报告的标准化问卷进行访谈来收集数据。考虑到不同的社会人口学、临床和心理社会变量，对心理健康进行描述性分析、均值差异分析和回归分析。
结果
研究中的女性心理健康水平和疾病主观严重程度较差。心理健康的主要预测因素是女性，其次是严重程度、确诊时间较短和内化耻辱感。
结论
女性是心理健康状况较差和症状较重的最有力预测因素。根据研究结果提出了建议，并建议采用性别视角。
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