Zhang Nannan, Wu Yunwen, Zhang Qingfeng, Wei Zequn, Liu Yuquan
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery，Clinical Medical Academy & General Hospital，Shenzhen University，Shenzhen，518055，China.
Guangzhou Xinhua University.
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2022 Jun;36(6):467-472. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2022.06.012.
To analyzed allergens and screen for common airborne allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis （AR） in Shenzhen, and identified the distribution pattern of allergens in this region. We aimed to provide scientific and feasible statistical and clinical basis for prevention and treatment of allergenic rhinitis. For 3351 suspected cases of allergenic rhinitis, 18 kinds of airborne allergen serum-specific IgE were determined using a detection system of BioSciTec GmbH company, and statistical analysis was carried out according to sex, age, severity and seasonal allergen. A total of 3,351 cases with allergic rhinitis were positive for airborne allergens. The top five inhalation allergens were Blomia tropicalis （2231, 66.6%）, Dermatophagoides pterronyssinus （2212, 66.0%）, Dermatophagoides farinae （1986, 59.3%）, Cockroach （967, 28.9%）, and Short ragweed （844, 25.2%）. For the severity of the allergen, Dermatophagoides pterronyssinus ≥ level 3 accounted for 41.3% （1385/3351 cases） and Dermatophagoides farinae ≥level 3 accounted for 40.6% （1360/3351 cases）. Blomia tropicalis were classified as level 2, and other allergens were mainly classified as level 1 or 2. The detection rate among different age groups and gender is significantly different. The main airborne allergens in Shenzhen were Blomia tropicalis, Dermatophagoides pterronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Cockroach, as well as Short ragweed. The distribution of allergens was affected by sex, age and season.
分析深圳变应性鼻炎（AR）患者的变应原并筛查常见的空气传播变应原，确定该地区变应原的分布模式。旨在为变应性鼻炎的防治提供科学可行的统计学和临床依据。对3351例疑似变应性鼻炎病例，采用德国BioSciTec公司的检测系统测定18种空气传播变应原的血清特异性IgE，并按性别、年龄、病情严重程度及季节性变应原进行统计分析。共有3351例变应性鼻炎患者空气传播变应原检测呈阳性。吸入性变应原前五位依次为热带无爪螨（2231例，66.6%）、屋尘螨（2212例，66.0%）、粉尘螨（1986例，59.3%）、蟑螂（967例，28.9%）和豚草（844例，25.2%）。就变应原的严重程度而言，屋尘螨≥3级占41.3%（1385/3351例），粉尘螨≥3级占40.6%（1360/3351例）。热带无爪螨为2级，其他变应原主要为1级或2级。不同年龄组和性别间的检测率有显著差异。深圳地区主要的空气传播变应原是热带无爪螨、屋尘螨、粉尘螨、蟑螂以及豚草。变应原的分布受性别、年龄和季节的影响。
