Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Healthcare Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China.
J Mater Chem B. 2022 Jul 27;10(29):5537-5555. doi: 10.1039/d2tb00749e.
Diabetes can cause many complications, and has become one of the most common diseases that may lead to death. Currently, the number of diabetics continues to increase year by year. Thus, it is very important and highly desirable to monitor, control and cure diabetes. However, such management usually require long-term blood glucose monitoring and regular medication to reduce the risk of many complications. In order to provide patients with more effective and more convenient treatments, a portable, miniaturized, intelligent, painless and automatic closed-loop system is highly required and many related research studies have recently been reported. It is the right time and important to provide a summary in this field. Here, this review covers important parts of a closed-loop management system for diabetes, including the principle of electrochemical sensing of glucose, recent progress of noninvasive glucose monitoring technology, and its applications in wearable glucose sensors. Moreover, the latest advancements in an insulin delivery system and a diabetic closed-loop management system are also presented in detail. Finally, challenges and perspectives for an artificial pancreas are also presented. We believe that with the innovative glucose monitoring technology and the optimization of the drug delivery system, the closed-loop management system for diabetes will make much progress in the near future.
糖尿病可能会引发多种并发症，现已成为最常见的致死疾病之一。目前，糖尿病患者的人数逐年增加。因此，对糖尿病进行监测、控制和治疗至关重要。然而，这种管理通常需要长期的血糖监测和定期用药，以降低多种并发症的风险。为了为患者提供更有效、更便捷的治疗方法，人们迫切需要一种便携式、微型化、智能化、无痛且自动的闭环系统，最近也有许多相关的研究报道。此时，有必要对此领域进行综述。在这里，本文综述了糖尿病闭环管理系统的重要组成部分，包括葡萄糖电化学传感的原理、无创血糖监测技术的最新进展及其在可穿戴葡萄糖传感器中的应用。此外，还详细介绍了胰岛素输送系统和糖尿病闭环管理系统的最新进展。最后，还对人工胰腺的挑战和前景进行了讨论。我们相信，随着创新的血糖监测技术和药物输送系统的优化，糖尿病闭环管理系统将在不久的将来取得重大进展。
