Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2022 Jul 12;8(1):57. doi: 10.1038/s41522-022-00321-z.
Application of plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPMs) can contribute to sustainable agricultural ecosystems. From a three-year field experiment, we already found that the addition of Trichoderma bio-organic fertilizer (BF) significantly improved crop growth and yield compared to the application of organic fertilizer (OF). Here, we tracked the responses of soil bacterial and fungal communities to these treatments to find the key soil microbial taxa that contribute to the crop yield enhancement. We also examined if bacterial and fungal suspensions from resulting soils could improve plant growth upon inoculation into sterilized soil. Lastly, we isolated a number of fungal strains related to populations affected by treatments to examine their role in plant growth promotion. Results showed that consecutive application of BF impacted soil fungal communities, and the biological nature of plant growth promotion was confirmed via pot experiments using γ-sterilized versus none-sterilized soils collected from the field. Soil slurry experiments suggested that fungal, but not bacterial communities, played an important role in plant growth promotion, consistent with the results of our field experimental data. Fungal community analysis of both field and slurry experimental soils revealed increases in specific resident Aspergillus spp. Interestingly, Aspergillus tamarii showed no plant growth promotion by itself, but strongly increased the growth promotion activity of the Trichoderma amendment strain upon their co-inoculation. The effectiveness of the fungal amendment appears to stem not only from its own action, but also from synergetic interactions with resident fungal populations activated upon biofertilizer application.
应用植物促生微生物（PGPMs）可以有助于可持续的农业生态系统。通过三年的田间试验，我们已经发现，与施用有机肥（OF）相比，添加木霉生物有机肥（BF）可显著促进作物生长和产量。在这里，我们跟踪了土壤细菌和真菌群落对这些处理的反应，以找到有助于提高作物产量的关键土壤微生物类群。我们还检查了从这些土壤中分离出来的细菌和真菌悬浮液是否可以在接种到灭菌土壤中后促进植物生长。最后，我们分离了一些与受处理影响的种群有关的真菌菌株，以研究它们在促进植物生长中的作用。结果表明，BF 的连续施用影响了土壤真菌群落，通过使用γ灭菌和未灭菌的土壤进行盆栽实验，证实了植物生长促进的生物学性质。土壤悬浮液实验表明，真菌而不是细菌群落在植物生长促进中发挥重要作用，这与我们田间实验数据的结果一致。对田间和悬浮液实验土壤的真菌群落分析表明，特定的常驻曲霉属（Aspergillus spp.）增加。有趣的是，野生青霉（Aspergillus tamarii）本身并没有促进植物生长，但在与木霉改良菌株共接种时，强烈增加了该菌株的生长促进活性。真菌改良剂的有效性似乎不仅来自其自身的作用，还来自于生物肥料施用后激活的常驻真菌种群的协同相互作用。
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