学龄前儿童屏幕时间的相关因素：父母因素。
Correlates of preschoolers' screen time in China: parental factors.
机构信息
Department of Preschool Education, Pinghu Normal College, Jiaxing University, No. 888, Hongjian Road, Pinghu, 314001, Jiaxing, China.
Pinghu Kindergarten in Economic Development Zone, Jiaxing, 314201, China.
出版信息
BMC Pediatr. 2022 Jul 14;22(1):417. doi: 10.1186/s12887-022-03443-7.
BACKGROUND
With the advent of the electronic age, the prolonged screen time (ST) of preschoolers in China is relatively high and is on the rise, which is likely to affect preschoolers' physical and mental health. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing ST in preschoolers, especially the role of parental factors, and to provide a basis for the prevention, control, and intervention of ST in preschoolers in China.
METHODS
A questionnaire was completed by the parents of 1,546 preschoolers from four kindergartens in Pinghu City, Zhejiang Province, China, and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlates of excessive ST in preschoolers.
RESULTS
A total of 43.8% of preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years, of which 50.3% were boys and 49.7% were girls, had > 1 h/day of ST. Older preschoolers, greater screen accessibility, greater frequency of eating in front of a screen, longer ST of parents, and unclear rules of screen-based behavior were the risk factors for ST being > 1 h/day (P < 0.05). After additional adjusting of maternal correlates, the relationship between the ST of fathers and ST of preschoolers was still significant (P < 0.01), and the dose-effect relationship was also observed (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Prolonged parental ST (especially of fathers) and lack of rules for screen behavior were independent risk factors for prolonged preschoolers' ST in this study.
背景
随着电子时代的到来，中国学龄前儿童长时间（ST）接触屏幕的时间相对较高且呈上升趋势，这可能会影响学龄前儿童的身心健康。本研究旨在探讨影响学龄前儿童 ST 的因素，特别是父母因素的作用，为中国学龄前儿童 ST 的预防、控制和干预提供依据。
方法
采用问卷调查法，对浙江省平湖市 4 所幼儿园的 1546 名学龄前儿童家长进行问卷调查，并采用多因素 logistic 回归模型分析学龄前儿童过度 ST 的相关因素。
结果
共有 43.8%的 3-6 岁学龄前儿童每天的 ST 时间超过 1 小时，其中男孩占 50.3%，女孩占 49.7%。年龄较大、屏幕接触机会较多、经常在屏幕前进食、父母 ST 时间较长、屏幕行为规则不明确是 ST 时间超过 1 小时的危险因素（P<0.05）。在进一步调整母亲相关因素后，父亲的 ST 时间与学龄前儿童的 ST 时间之间仍存在显著关系（P<0.01），且存在剂量-效应关系（P<0.001）。
结论
本研究中，延长父母的 ST（尤其是父亲的 ST）时间和缺乏屏幕行为规则是延长学龄前儿童 ST 的独立危险因素。
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