Regional Centre, ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751019, India.
Centre of Excellence in Natural Products and Therapeutics, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, Odisha, 768019, India.
Planta. 2022 Jul 14;256(2):40. doi: 10.1007/s00425-022-03938-8.
This review highlights the economic importance of sweet potato and discusses new varieties, agronomic and cultivation practices, pest and disease control efforts, plant tissue culture protocols, and unexplored research areas involving this plant. Abstract Sweet potato is widely consumed in many countries around the world, including India, South Africa and China. Due to its valuable nutritional composition and highly beneficial bioactive compounds, sweet potato is considered a major tuber crop in India. Based on the volume of production, this plant ranks seventh in the world among all food crops. Sweet potato is considered a "Superfood" by the 'Centre for Science in the Public Interest' (CSPI), USA. This plant is mostly propagated through vegetative propagation using vine cuttings or tubers. However, this process is costly, labour-intensive, and comparatively slow. Conventional propagation methods are not able to supply sufficient disease-free planting materials to farmers to sustain steady tuber production. Therefore, there is an urgent need to use various biotechnological approaches, such as cell, tissue, and organ culture, for the large-scale production of healthy and disease-free planting material for commercial purposes throughout the year. In the last five decades, a number of tissue culture protocols have been developed for the production of in vitro plants through meristem culture, direct adventitious organogenesis, callus culture and somatic embryogenesis. Moreover, little research has been done on synthetic seed technology for the in vitro conservation and propagation of sweet potato. The current review comprehensively describes the biology, i.e., plant phenotypic description, vegetative growth, agronomy and cultivation, pests and diseases, varieties, and conventional methods of propagation, as well as biotechnological implementation, of this tuber crop. Furthermore, the explored and unexplored areas of research in sweet potato using biotechnological approaches have been reviewed.
本文综述了甘薯的经济重要性，并讨论了甘薯的新品种、农艺和栽培实践、病虫害防治措施、植物组织培养方案，以及该植物未开发的研究领域。
甘薯在世界上许多国家都有广泛的食用，包括印度、南非和中国。由于其有价值的营养成分和高度有益的生物活性化合物，甘薯在印度被认为是一种主要的块茎作物。就产量而言，这种植物在世界所有粮食作物中排名第七。美国“公众利益科学中心”（CSPI）将甘薯视为“超级食物”。这种植物主要通过使用藤茎切段或块茎进行营养繁殖来繁殖。然而，这个过程成本高、劳动强度大，而且相对较慢。常规的繁殖方法无法为农民提供足够的无病种植材料，以维持稳定的块茎生产。因此，迫切需要利用各种生物技术方法，如细胞、组织和器官培养，以大规模生产健康、无病的种植材料，用于全年的商业用途。在过去的五十年中，已经开发了许多组织培养方案，通过分生组织培养、直接不定器官发生、愈伤组织培养和体细胞胚胎发生来生产体外植物。此外，关于甘薯体外保存和繁殖的合成种子技术的研究很少。本综述全面描述了该块茎作物的生物学特性，即植物表型描述、营养生长、农艺和栽培、病虫害、品种和常规繁殖方法，以及生物技术的应用。此外，还综述了甘薯利用生物技术方法进行的探索性和未探索性研究领域。
