University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Aalto University, Uusimaa, Finland.
PLoS One. 2022 Jul 14;17(7):e0270748. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270748. eCollection 2022.
This systematic review provides an up-to-date analysis of existing literature about Virtual Reality (VR) and prejudice. How has VR been used in studying intergroup attitudes, bias and prejudice, are VR interventions effective at reducing prejudice, and what methodological advantages and limitations does VR provide compared to traditional methods are the questions we aim to answer. The included studies had to use VR to create an interaction with one or more avatars belonging to an outgroup, and/or embodiment in an outgroup member; furthermore, they had to be quantitative and peer-reviewed. The review of the 64 included studies shows the potential of VR contact to improve intergroup relations. Nevertheless, the results suggest that under certain circumstances VR contact can increase prejudice as well. We discuss these results in relation to the intergroup perspective (i.e., minority or majority) and target minority groups used in the studies. An analysis of potential mediators and moderators is also carried out. We then identify and address the most pressing theoretical and methodological issues concerning VR as a method to reduce prejudice.
本系统评价对现有的虚拟现实 (VR) 和偏见文献进行了最新分析。VR 如何用于研究群体间态度、偏见和歧视，VR 干预措施在减少偏见方面是否有效，以及与传统方法相比，VR 提供了哪些方法学上的优势和局限性，是我们旨在回答的问题。纳入的研究必须使用 VR 与一个或多个属于外群体的化身进行交互，和/或体现为外群体成员；此外，它们必须是定量的和同行评审的。对 64 项纳入研究的综述表明，VR 接触具有改善群体间关系的潜力。然而，结果表明，在某些情况下，VR 接触也会增加偏见。我们根据群体间的视角（即少数群体或多数群体）和研究中使用的目标少数群体来讨论这些结果。还对潜在的中介因素和调节因素进行了分析。然后，我们确定并解决了与 VR 作为减少偏见的方法相关的最紧迫的理论和方法问题。
