Department of Population Health and Disease Prevention, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California.
Department of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2022 Jul;83(4):502-511. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2022.83.502.
Cannabis and tobacco retailers are believed to cluster in areas with more racial/ethnic minorities, which could account for the disproportionate use of blunts in Black and Hispanic communities. The current study examined the spatial relationship between cannabis and licensed tobacco retailers in Los Angeles County, California, and assessed whether various neighborhood and business factors influenced the spatial patterning.
Generalized additive models were used to test the association between the location of cannabis retailers ( = 429) and their accessibility potential (AP) to tobacco retailers ( = 8,033). The covariates included cannabis licensure status, median household income, population density, percentages of racial/ ethnic minorities and young adults (18-34), unemployment status, families living in poverty, minimum completion of high school/General Educational Development (GED) credential, and industrial businesses by census tract.
The location of cannabis retailers was significantly associated with AP in all adjusted models ( < .005). The percentage of racial/ethnic minorities, age (18-34 years), and nonlicensure of cannabis retailers, which were positively correlated with AP ( < .05), confounded the association between AP and cannabis retailer location.
The concentration of unlicensed cannabis retailers and tobacco retailers in young and racially/ethnically diverse neighborhoods may increase access to and use of cigarillos for blunt smoking. Jurisdictions within Los Angeles County should consider passing ordinances requiring minimum distances between cannabis and tobacco retailers.
据信，大麻和烟草零售商集中在少数族裔/族裔较多的地区，这可能是黑人和西班牙裔社区中使用压扁烟的比例过高的原因。本研究检查了加利福尼亚州洛杉矶县大麻和持牌烟草零售商的空间关系，并评估了各种社区和商业因素对空间模式的影响。
广义加性模型用于检验大麻零售商（= 429）位置与其向烟草零售商（= 8033）的可及性潜力（AP）之间的关联。协变量包括大麻许可证状况、家庭中位数收入、人口密度、少数族裔/族裔和年轻成年人（18-34 岁）的百分比、失业状况、生活在贫困中的家庭、高中/普通教育发展（GED）证书的最低完成率，以及按普查区划分的工业企业。
在所有调整后的模型中，大麻零售商的位置与 AP 显著相关（<0.005）。少数族裔/族裔比例、年龄（18-34 岁）和大麻零售商的未许可，与 AP 呈正相关（<0.05），混淆了 AP 与大麻零售商位置之间的关联。
未许可的大麻零售商和烟草零售商在年轻和种族/族裔多样化社区的集中可能会增加对雪茄烟的使用和使用，以用于压扁烟。洛杉矶县内的司法管辖区应考虑通过要求大麻和烟草零售商之间最小距离的条例。
