Tourette Syndrome Neurodevelopmental Clinic, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Tourette Syndrome Neurodevelopmental Clinic, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Child Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Youthdale Treatment Centers, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Youthdale Treatment Centers, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Brain Behav Immun. 2022 Oct;105:237-246. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.07.006. Epub 2022 Jul 15.
There is a growing amount of evidence to suggest that inflammation may have a role in the onset and prognosis of psychiatric disorders. We reviewed the literature of studies investigating neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios (NLR), a biomarker of inflammation, in both adult and youth psychiatric populations. The limitations of NLR, in addition to the potential mechanisms underlying its relationship with psychiatric disorders, are also discussed.
Unlike in the general population, NLR is elevated in a proportion of adult patients with schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, though associations with symptom severity and other clinical parameters are less clear. When compared to baseline, reductions in NLR are sometimes reported after treatment and remission. Results in youth populations largely resemble findings obtained from adult samples, even though youth studies are far fewer in number.
The consistent findings of elevated NLR across the reviewed psychiatric disorders suggest that abnormal NLR is not specific to any one disorder but may reflect a pathological brain process that leads to brain dysfunction. These findings support hypotheses of neuroinflammation being important to the etiology of psychiatric disorders. More research is needed to further elucidate the relationship between specific diagnostic and behavioural constructs and NLR. Future work is also needed to determine the specific neuroinflammatory mechanisms that give rise to specific disorders.
越来越多的证据表明，炎症可能在精神疾病的发病和预后中起作用。我们回顾了研究中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）作为炎症生物标志物在成年和青少年精神疾病人群中的作用的文献。除了 NLR 与精神疾病关系的潜在机制外，还讨论了 NLR 的局限性。
与普通人群不同，一部分精神分裂症、重度抑郁症和双相情感障碍的成年患者的 NLR 升高，但其与症状严重程度和其他临床参数的相关性尚不清楚。与基线相比，治疗后和缓解期有时会报告 NLR 降低。青年人群的结果与从成年样本中获得的结果大致相似，尽管青年研究的数量要少得多。
在综述的精神疾病中 NLR 升高的一致发现表明，异常 NLR 不是特定于任何一种疾病，而是可能反映导致大脑功能障碍的病理大脑过程。这些发现支持神经炎症对精神疾病病因学很重要的假说。需要进一步的研究来阐明 NLR 与特定诊断和行为结构之间的关系。未来的工作还需要确定导致特定疾病的特定神经炎症机制。
