临床学习环境、监管和护理学生未来从事护士工作的意愿：一项横断面描述性研究。
The clinical learning environment, supervision and future intention to work as a nurse in nursing students: a cross-sectional and descriptive study.
机构信息
Educational Department, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia.
出版信息
BMC Med Educ. 2022 Jul 15;22(1):548. doi: 10.1186/s12909-022-03609-y.
BACKGROUND
Clinical practice is a core component of nurse education. It is believed that nursing students' clinical placement experiences can affect their learning outcomes, satisfaction, as well as influence their choice of future career. To examine nursing students' perception of clinical learning environment and mentoring in hospital where they perform their clinical placement and the connection of these factor with intention to work as a nurse once graduated.
METHODS
Nursing students enrolled in clinical practice at least 6 months in hospitals in China were surveyed between January-March 2021. Percentages, frequencies, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, and regression analysis were used to analyse the data.
RESULTS
Of the five scales in the CLES+T, 'Leadership style of the ward manager' scored the highest mean while 'Pedagogical atmosphere at the ward' scored the lowest. Nursing students with lower educational level, those supervised by fixed preceptor, and those intent to be a nurse in the future were significantly more satisfied with the CLES+T. Most of the nursing students are intent to work as a nurse in the future. CLES+T total scores and sub-dimensions (Premises of nursing on the ward) have significantly effectiveness on the intention to be a nurse in the future.
CONCLUSIONS
Given the significant correlation of between learning environments and nursing students intention to be a nurse in the future, ward managers need to build a good clinical teaching atmosphere and promote opportunities for theoretical and practical connections among students through effective feedback mechanisms, which can enable students to experience a better clinical learning environment and meaningful experiences to build their professional roles and competencies, thus helping to enhance students' willingness to pursue nursing careers in the future.
背景
临床实践是护士教育的核心组成部分。人们认为，护理学生的临床实习经历会影响他们的学习成果、满意度，以及对未来职业的选择。本研究旨在探讨护理学生对其临床实习医院的临床学习环境和带教老师的看法，以及这些因素与毕业后从事护士工作意愿的关系。
方法
2021 年 1 月至 3 月，对在中国医院完成至少 6 个月临床实习的护理学生进行了调查。采用百分比、频数、均值、标准差、t 检验、方差分析和回归分析对数据进行分析。
结果
在 CLES+T 的五个量表中，“病房护士长的领导风格”的平均分最高，而“病房的教学氛围”的平均分最低。教育程度较低、由固定导师指导、未来有意愿从事护士工作的护理学生对 CLES+T 的满意度显著更高。大多数护理学生未来有意愿从事护士工作。CLES+T 的总分和子维度（病房的护理基础）对未来从事护士工作的意愿具有显著的影响。
结论
鉴于学习环境与护理学生未来从事护士工作意愿之间存在显著相关性，病房护士长需要营造良好的临床教学氛围，并通过有效的反馈机制促进学生之间理论与实践的联系，使学生体验更好的临床学习环境和有意义的经验，从而有助于增强学生未来从事护理职业的意愿。
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