Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2022 Sep;128:50-59. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.020. Epub 2022 Jul 14.
A 70-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate effects of dietary lysolecithin on growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, antioxidant capacity, lipid metabolism and inflammation-related genes expression of juvenile large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) with initial weight of 6.04 ± 0.08 g. A formulated diet containing approximately 42% crude protein and 12.5% crude lipid was used as the control diet (CON). The other three experimental diets were formulated with supplementation of 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% lysolecithin based on the control diet, respectively. Results showed that weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) significantly increased in fish fed diets with lysolecithin compared with those in the control diet (P < 0.05). Fish fed diets with 0.4% and 0.6% lysolecithin had notably higher lipid content in muscle than that in the control diet (P < 0.05). When fish were fed diets with lysolecithin, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) content was notably higher than that in the control diet (P < 0.05), while fish fed the diet with 0.6% lysolecithin had a significant lower serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) content than that in the control diet (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) activities in fish fed diets with lysolecithin were remarkably lower than those in the control diet (P < 0.05). With the increase of dietary lysolecithin from 0.2% to 0.6%, mRNA expression of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 (scd1), diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (dgat2) and sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1 (srebp1) showed decreasing trends. Furthermore, mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (cpt1) and lipoprotein lipase (lpl) among each dietary lysolecithin treatment were significantly higher than those in the control diet (P < 0.05). In terms of inflammation, mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (tnf-α) and interleukin-1 β (il-1β) were significantly down-regulated in fish fed diets with lysolecithin compared with those in the control diet (P < 0.05), while the mRNA expression of interleukin-10 (il-10) was significantly higher than that in the control diet (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary lysolecithin could promote the growth performance, improve hepatic lipid metabolism and regulate inflammation response in juvenile large yellow croaker, and the optimal supplement level of lysolecithin was approximately 0.4% in this study.
一项为期 70 天的饲养试验旨在研究日粮溶血磷脂对初始体重为 6.04±0.08g 的大黄鱼幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力、脂代谢和炎症相关基因表达的影响。试验使用一种含有约 42%粗蛋白和 12.5%粗脂肪的配方饲料作为对照饲料（CON）。另外三种试验饲料分别在对照饲料中添加 0.2%、0.4%和 0.6%的溶血磷脂。结果表明，与对照饲料相比，摄食添加溶血磷脂的饲料的大黄鱼增重率（WGR）和特定生长率（SGR）显著提高（P<0.05）。摄食 0.4%和 0.6%溶血磷脂饲料的大黄鱼肌肉中的脂质含量显著高于对照饲料（P<0.05）。当大黄鱼摄食溶血磷脂饲料时，血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）含量显著高于对照饲料（P<0.05），而摄食 0.6%溶血磷脂饲料的大黄鱼血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）含量显著低于对照饲料（P<0.05）。同时，摄食溶血磷脂饲料的大黄鱼血清天门冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）活性显著低于对照饲料（P<0.05）。随着日粮溶血磷脂含量从 0.2%增加到 0.6%，硬脂酰辅酶 A 去饱和酶 1（scd1）、二酰基甘油酰基转移酶 2（dgat2）和固醇调节元件结合蛋白 1（srebp1）的 mRNA 表达呈下降趋势。此外，各溶血磷脂处理组的肉碱棕榈酰转移酶 1（cpt1）和脂蛋白脂肪酶（lpl）的 mRNA 表达均显著高于对照饲料（P<0.05）。在炎症方面，与对照饲料相比，摄食溶血磷脂的大黄鱼肿瘤坏死因子-α（tnf-α）和白细胞介素-1β（il-1β）的 mRNA 表达显著下调（P<0.05），而白细胞介素-10（il-10）的 mRNA 表达显著上调（P<0.05）。综上所述，日粮溶血磷脂能促进大黄鱼幼鱼的生长性能，改善肝脂代谢，调节炎症反应，本试验中溶血磷脂的最佳添加水平约为 0.4%。
