Wang Xiuneng, Wan Min, Wang Zhen, Zhang Haitao, Zhu Si, Cao Xiufei, Xu Ning, Zheng Jichang, Bu Xianyong, Xu Wei, Mai Kangsen, Ai Qinghui
Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
Guangdong Evergreen Feed Industry Co., Ltd., Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang 524000, China.
Aquac Nutr. 2023 Feb 6;2023:2687734. doi: 10.1155/2023/2687734. eCollection 2023.
An 8-week growth experiment was conducted to investigate effects of tributyrin (TB) supplementation on growth performance, intestinal digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant capacity, and inflammation-related gene expression of juvenile large yellow croaker () (initial weight of 12.90 ± 0.02 g) fed diets with high level of protein (CAP). In the negative control diet, 40% fish meal was used as the major source of protein (named as FM), while 45% fish meal protein of FM was substituted with CAP (named as FC) to form a positive control diet. Based on the FC diet, grade levels of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.8% tributyrin were added to formulate other five experimental diets. Results showed that fish fed diets with high levels of CAP significantly decreased the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) compared with fish fed the FM diet ( < 0.05). WGR and SGR were significantly higher than in fish fed diets with 0.05% and 0.1% tributyrin that fed the FC diet ( < 0.05). Supplementation of 0.1% tributyrin significantly elevated fish intestinal lipase and protease activities compared to FM and FC diets ( < 0.05). Meanwhile, compared to fish fed the FC diet, fish fed diets with 0.05% and 0.1% tributyrin showed remarkably higher intestinal total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the intestine of fish fed diets with 0.05%-0.4% tributyrin was remarkably lower than those in the fish fed the FC diet ( < 0.05). The mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor (), interleukin-1 (), interleukin-6 (), and interferon () were significantly downregulated in fish fed diets with 0.05%-0.2% tributyrin, and the mRNA expression of was significantly upregulated in fish fed the 0.2% tributyrin diet ( < 0.05). In regard to antioxidant genes, as the supplementation of tributyrin increased from 0.05% to 0.8%, the mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 () demonstrated a trend of first rising and then decreasing. However, the mRNA expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 () was remarkably lower in fish fed the FC diet than that fed diets with tributyrin supplementation ( < 0.05). Overall, fish fed tributyrin supplementation diets can ameliorate the negative effects induced by high proportion of CAP in diets, with an appropriate supplementation of 0.1%.
进行了一项为期8周的生长实验，以研究添加丁酸甘油酯（TB）对摄食高蛋白（CAP）日粮的大黄鱼幼鱼（初始体重12.90±0.02克）生长性能、肠道消化酶活性、抗氧化能力和炎症相关基因表达的影响。在阴性对照日粮中，使用40%的鱼粉作为主要蛋白质来源（命名为FM），而将FM中45%的鱼粉蛋白用CAP替代（命名为FC）以形成阳性对照日粮。基于FC日粮，添加0.05%、0.1%、0.2%、0.4%和0.8%的丁酸甘油酯等级水平来配制其他五种实验日粮。结果表明，与摄食FM日粮的鱼相比，摄食高CAP水平日粮的鱼的增重率（WGR）和特定生长率（SGR）显著降低（P<0.05）。WGR和SGR显著高于摄食含0.05%和0.1%丁酸甘油酯日粮的FC日粮组鱼（P<0.05）。与FM和FC日粮相比，添加0.1%丁酸甘油酯显著提高了鱼肠道脂肪酶和蛋白酶活性（P<0.05）。同时，与摄食FC日粮的鱼相比，摄食含0.05%和0.1%丁酸甘油酯日粮的鱼的肠道总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）显著更高。摄食含0.05%-0.4%丁酸甘油酯日粮的鱼肠道中的丙二醛（MDA）含量显著低于摄食FC日粮的鱼（P<0.05）。在摄食含0.05%-0.2%丁酸甘油酯日粮的鱼中，肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和干扰素γ（IFN-γ）的mRNA表达显著下调，而在摄食0.2%丁酸甘油酯日粮的鱼中，IL-10的mRNA表达显著上调（P<0.05）。关于抗氧化基因，随着丁酸甘油酯添加量从0.05%增加到0.8%，核因子红细胞2相关因子2（Nrf2）的mRNA表达呈先上升后下降的趋势。然而，摄食FC日粮的鱼中Kelch样ECH相关蛋白1（Keap1）的mRNA表达显著低于摄食添加丁酸甘油酯日粮的鱼（P<0.05）。总体而言，摄食添加丁酸甘油酯日粮的鱼可以改善日粮中高比例CAP诱导的负面影响，适宜添加量为0.1%。
