Research Institute for Psychological Sciences, UCLouvain, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
PLoS One. 2021 Nov 4;16(11):e0258320. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258320. eCollection 2021.
The COVID-19 pandemic presents a global crisis and authorities have encouraged the population to promote preventive health behaviors to slow the spread of the virus. While the literature on psychological factors influencing health behaviors during the COVID-19 is flourishing, there is a lack of cross-national research focusing on multiple health behaviors. The present study overcomes this limitation and affords a validation of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as a conceptual framework for explaining the adoption of handwashing and limitation of social contacts, two health behaviors that highly differ in their nature. Specifically, we compare TPB model on these two protective behaviors among people living in Belgium (N = 3744) and France (N = 1060) during the COVID-19 sanitary crisis. Data were collected from March 18 until April 19, 2020, which corresponds to the spring lockdown and the first peak of the pandemic in these countries. Results indicated that more positive attitudes, greater social norms, increased perceived control and higher intentions were related to higher adherence to handwashing and limitation of social contacts, for both Belgian and French residents. Ultimately, we argued that the TPB model tends to manifest similarly across countries in explaining health behaviors, when comparing handwashing and limitation of social contacts among individuals living in different national contexts.
新冠疫情大流行构成全球性危机，权威部门鼓励民众采取预防保健行为以减缓病毒传播。虽然关于新冠疫情期间影响健康行为的心理因素的文献层出不穷，但缺乏针对多种健康行为的跨国研究。本研究克服了这一局限性，并验证了计划行为理论（TPB）作为解释采用洗手和限制社交接触这两种健康行为的概念框架的有效性，这两种健康行为在性质上有很大的不同。具体而言，我们在新冠疫情卫生危机期间比较了生活在比利时（N = 3744）和法国（N = 1060）的人群对这两种保护行为的 TPB 模型。数据收集于 2020 年 3 月 18 日至 4 月 19 日，这对应于这些国家的春季封锁和疫情的第一个高峰。结果表明，对于比利时和法国居民来说，更积极的态度、更强的社会规范、更高的感知控制和更高的意向与更高的洗手依从性和限制社交接触有关。最终，我们认为，在解释健康行为时，当比较生活在不同国家背景的个体的洗手和限制社交接触行为时，TPB 模型往往在不同国家表现出相似性。
