Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
NK Biocell Sdn. Bhd., Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Stem Cells Transl Med. 2022 Aug 23;11(8):814-827. doi: 10.1093/stcltm/szac044.
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have excellent clinical potential and numerous properties that ease its clinical translation. Mitochondria play a crucial role in energy metabolism, essential for cellular activities, such as proliferation, differentiation, and migration. However, mitochondrial dysfunction can occur due to diseases and pathological conditions. Research on mitochondrial transfer from MSCs to recipient cells has gained prominence. Numerous studies have demonstrated that mitochondrial transfer led to increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, recovered mitochondrial bioenergetics, and rescued injured cells from apoptosis. However, the complex mechanisms that lead to mitochondrial transfer from healthy MSCs to damaged cells remain under investigation, and the factors contributing to mitochondrial bioenergetics recovery in recipient cells remain largely ambiguous. Therefore, this review demonstrates an overview of recent findings in preclinical studies reporting MSC mitochondrial transfer, comprised of information on cell sources, recipient cells, dosage, route of administration, mechanism of transfer, pathological conditions, and therapeutic effects. Further to the above, this research discusses the potential challenges of this therapy in its clinical settings and suggestions to overcome its challenges.
间充质基质细胞（MSC）具有极好的临床应用潜力和多种特性，使其易于临床转化。线粒体在能量代谢中起着至关重要的作用，是细胞增殖、分化和迁移等活动所必需的。然而，由于疾病和病理状况，线粒体功能可能会出现障碍。关于 MSC 向受体细胞转移线粒体的研究备受关注。许多研究表明，线粒体转移导致三磷酸腺苷（ATP）生成增加，恢复线粒体生物能，并使受损细胞免于凋亡。然而，导致健康 MSC 向受损细胞转移线粒体的复杂机制仍在研究中，而导致受体细胞中线粒体生物能恢复的因素在很大程度上仍不清楚。因此，本综述概述了关于报道 MSC 线粒体转移的临床前研究的最新发现，其中包括细胞来源、受体细胞、剂量、给药途径、转移机制、病理状况和治疗效果等信息。此外，本研究还讨论了该疗法在临床应用中的潜在挑战及克服这些挑战的建议。
