Coursaget P, Yvonnet B, Chotard J, Vincelot P, Sarr M, Diouf C, Chiron J P, Diop-Mar I
J Med Virol. 1987 May;22(1):1-5. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890220102.
This report concerns hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections observed in 155 infants from Senegal, studied with a view to determining the factors involved in development of the chronic carrier state. A chronic carrier state was observed in 50.3% of the infants. This study confirms that the risk of chronic carriage is linked to age. This risk declines very rapidly with age, falling from 82% in infants under 6 months old, to 15% in children between the ages of 2 and 3 years. Spontaneous elimination of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is uncommon in HBsAg carriers during childhood. The difference observed in chronic carriage between males and females is due to a difference in susceptibility of the two sexes to the development of the chronic carrier state: HBV infections (before 2 years of age) lead to a chronic carriage in 77% of males as against 50% of females. These conclusions are important in view of the immunisation programs being carried out against hepatitis B virus in endemic areas. For a maximum efficacy, vaccination must be carried out at birth, or shortly afterwards.
本报告涉及在155名来自塞内加尔的婴儿中观察到的乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染情况，研究目的是确定慢性携带者状态发展过程中的相关因素。50.3%的婴儿出现了慢性携带者状态。本研究证实，慢性携带风险与年龄有关。这种风险随年龄迅速下降，从6个月以下婴儿的82%降至2至3岁儿童的15%。在儿童期，HBsAg携带者中乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）的自发清除并不常见。男性和女性在慢性携带方面的差异是由于两性对慢性携带者状态发展的易感性不同：2岁前感染HBV的男性中77%会发展为慢性携带，而女性为50%。鉴于在乙肝流行地区正在开展的乙肝病毒免疫计划，这些结论具有重要意义。为了达到最大效果，必须在出生时或出生后不久进行疫苗接种。
