Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea; KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
J Nutr Biochem. 2022 Mar;101:108900. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108900. Epub 2021 Nov 5.
Osteoporosis, a disease characterized by low bone density that poses a high risk of bone fractures, is associated with aging, diet, and menopause. Despite the various known therapeutic methods for osteoporosis treatment, the development of a new therapeutic agent without side effects in long-term use is required. Cinnamic acid (CA) is a phytochemical found in cinnamon. In this study, we evaluated the effect of CA on osteoporosis and demonstrated its mechanism in MC3T3E1 preosteoblasts and ovariectomized mice. CA treatment induced osteoblast differentiation with elevation of osteogenic markers both in vitro and in vivo. CA treatment ameliorated bone loss resulting in better bone indices, increased gut microbial diversity, and recovered changes in the gut microbial composition induced by ovariectomy. These changes were accompanied by an increase in BMP/TGFβ/Smad signaling. Therefore, CA has the potential to suppress the progress of bone loss via the enhancement of bone density through the regulation of gut microbiota.
骨质疏松症是一种以骨密度低为特征的疾病，骨密度低会导致骨折风险增加，与衰老、饮食和绝经有关。尽管有多种已知的骨质疏松症治疗方法，但仍需要开发一种无副作用的新治疗药物。肉桂酸（CA）是肉桂中发现的一种植物化学物质。在这项研究中，我们评估了 CA 对骨质疏松症的影响，并在 MC3T3E1 前成骨细胞和去卵巢小鼠中证明了其机制。CA 处理在体外和体内均诱导成骨细胞分化，增加成骨标志物水平。CA 处理改善了骨丢失，导致更好的骨指数，增加了肠道微生物多样性，并恢复了去卵巢引起的肠道微生物组成的变化。这些变化伴随着 BMP/TGFβ/Smad 信号的增加。因此，CA 通过调节肠道微生物群来增强骨密度，从而有可能抑制骨丢失的进展。
