Lee Chien-Chang, Lee Yi-Tzu, Wang Chih-Hung, Chiu I-Min, Tsai Weide, Lin Yan-Ren, Li Chih-Huang, Hsu Chin Wang, Lai Pei-Fang, Chen Jiann-Hwa, Tsai Jeffrey Che-Hung, Tsai Shih-Hung, How Chorng-Kuang
National Taiwan University Hospital Department of Emergency Medicine Taipei Taiwan.
Taipei Veterans General Hospital Department of Emergency Medicine Taipei Taiwan.
J Acute Med. 2022 Jun 1;12(2):45-52. doi: 10.6705/j.jacme.202206_12(2).0001.
COVID-19 tests have different turnaround times (TATs), accuracy levels, and limitations, which emergency physicians should be aware of. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) can be divided into standard high throughput tests and rapid molecular diagnostic tests at the point of care (POC). The standard NAAT has the advantages of high throughput and high accuracy with a TAT of 3-4 hours. The POC molecular test has the same advantages of high accuracy as standard high throughput PCR, but can be done in 13-45 minutes. Roche cobas Liat is the most commonly used machine in Taiwan, displaying 99%-100% sensitivity and 100% specificity, respectively. Abbott ID NOW is an isothermal PCR-based POC machine with a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 100%. A high rate of false positives and false negatives is associated with rapid antigen testing. Antibody testing is mostly used as part of public health surveys and for testing for immunity.
新冠病毒检测有不同的周转时间（TAT）、准确度水平和局限性，急诊医生应予以了解。核酸扩增检测（NAAT）可分为标准高通量检测和即时护理（POC）快速分子诊断检测。标准NAAT具有高通量和高精度的优点，周转时间为3 - 4小时。即时护理分子检测具有与标准高通量聚合酶链反应（PCR）相同的高精度优点，但可在13 - 45分钟内完成。罗氏cobas Liat是台湾最常用的仪器，灵敏度分别为99% - 100%，特异性为100%。雅培ID NOW是一种基于等温PCR的即时护理仪器，灵敏度为79%，特异性为100%。快速抗原检测存在较高的假阳性和假阴性率。抗体检测主要用作公共卫生调查的一部分以及免疫检测。
