The effectiveness of serum S100B, TRAIL, and adropin levels in predicting clinical outcome, final infarct core, and stroke subtypes of acute ischemic stroke patients.

INTRODUCTION

More than half of all worldwide deaths and disabilities were caused by stroke. Large artery atherosclerosis is identified as a high etiological risk factor because it accounts for 20% of ischemic stroke.

OBJECTIVES

To identify the significance of TRAIL and adropin release and the relative changes related to S100B levels, as well as the relationship between these biomarkers and the final infarct core, the clinical outcome, and the presence of large artery atherosclerosis in acute stroke patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Over a one-year period, demographic, clinical, and neuroimaging findings of 90 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke were evaluated.

RESULTS

The mean age of participants was 69.28 ± 10 and 39 patients were female. The increased level of S100B and the decreased levels of sTRAIL with adropin were significantly associated with moderate to severe neurologic presentation (p=0.0001, p=0.002, p=0.002, respectively). On the control CT, a large infarct core was significantly associated with decreased serum levels of sTRAIL and adropin (p=0.001 and p=0.000, respectively); however, the levels of S100B were not significantly associated with good ASPECTS score (p=0.684). Disability and an unfavorable outcome were significantly related to the decreased level of sTRAIL and adropin (p=0.001 and p=0.000 for THRIVE score>5, respectively). Decreased sTRAIL and adropin levels and an increased S100B level were correlated with the presence of large artery atherosclerotic etiologic factors (p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.036, respectively).

CONCLUSION

TRAIL and adropin serum levels were associated with poor clinical outcomes and greater infarcted area in acute ischemic stroke patients.