Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan.
Biomed Res Int. 2022 Jul 14;2022:8010395. doi: 10.1155/2022/8010395. eCollection 2022.
Human diseases are becoming more prevalent, necessitating the development of modalities to overcome the challenges of treating various disorders. In the current research, we analyzed the biomedicinal role of which is an important medicinal plant. The species is traditionally used in the treatment of neurological disorders and skin malignancies. The chloroform (CFTD) and -butanol fractions of (BFTD) were subjected to chemical profiling through the determination of total polyphenolic contents and GC-MS analysis. The oral toxicity test was applied to investigate the toxicity of the extracts. Antioxidant capacity was analyzed by four methods: DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC. The pharmacological potential was evaluated through clinically significant enzyme inhibition assays, thrombolytic, and antimicrobial activities. molecular docking approach was applied to confirm the role of against the enzymes. The polyphenolic quantification revealed that the BFTD was comparatively rich in total phenolic and flavonoid contents (97.14 milligrams gallic acid equivalent (mg GAE/g) and 362.5 milligrams quercetin equivalent per gram of dry extract (mg QE/g DE), respectively), as compared to the CFTD. The GC-MS analysis of the CFTD and BFTD resulted in the tentative identification of 67 and 29 compounds, respectively, with the major components of fatty acids and essential oil. The oral toxicity test revealed the safety and biocompatibility of CFTD and BFTD. Both the fractions showed promising antioxidant activity. Tyrosinase was found as the major enzyme inhibited by BFTD (78.67%) and CFTD (68.09%), whereas the standard kojic acid showed 85.58% inhibition. The inhibition results of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase by BFTD (71.65 and 60.79%, respectively) are higher than CFTD. Both the fractions were found active against various strains of bacteria. Furthermore, the molecular docking studies of the compounds showed a good docking score against all the docked enzymes among which deoxycaesaldekarin C was found with the highest binding affinities in comparison to the standard. The current study suggests that is nontoxic and can be a potential source of phytoconstituents with promising pharmacological potential.
人类疾病越来越普遍，需要开发各种方法来克服治疗各种疾病的挑战。在当前的研究中，我们分析了 的生物医学作用， 是一种重要的药用植物。该物种传统上用于治疗神经紊乱和皮肤恶性肿瘤。对 （CFTD）和 -丁醇（BFTD）部分进行了化学分析，通过测定总多酚含量和 GC-MS 分析进行了化学分析。进行了口服毒性试验以研究提取物的毒性。通过四种不同的方法分析了抗氧化能力：DPPH、ABTS、FRAP 和 CUPRAC。通过临床意义重大的酶抑制测定、溶栓和抗菌活性评估了药理学潜力。应用分子对接方法确认 对酶的作用。多酚定量结果表明，BFTD 中总酚类和类黄酮含量相对较高（分别为 97.14 毫克没食子酸当量（mg GAE/g）和 362.5 毫克槲皮素当量/克干提取物（mg QE/g DE）），与 CFTD 相比。CFTD 和 BFTD 的 GC-MS 分析分别鉴定出 67 种和 29 种化合物，主要成分是脂肪酸和精油。口服毒性试验表明 CFTD 和 BFTD 的安全性和生物相容性。这两个部分都表现出有希望的抗氧化活性。BFTD（78.67%）和 CFTD（68.09%）发现酪氨酸酶是主要的被抑制酶，而标准曲酸的抑制率为 85.58%。BFTD（分别为 71.65%和 60.79%）对乙酰胆碱酯酶和丁酰胆碱酯酶的抑制作用高于 CFTD。两种馏分对各种细菌菌株均具有活性。此外，化合物的分子对接研究表明，与标准相比，化合物对所有对接酶都具有良好的对接评分，其中脱氧甲卡林 C 具有最高的结合亲和力。本研究表明 无毒，可作为具有潜在药理作用的植物成分的潜在来源。
