Odegaard Katherine E, Pendyala Gurudutt, Yelamanchili Sowmya V
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
Encyclopedia (Basel, 2021). 2021 Mar;1(1):99-114. doi: 10.3390/encyclopedia1010012. Epub 2021 Jan 18.
The inheritance of substance abuse, including opioid abuse, may be influenced by genetic and non-genetic factors related to the environment, such as stress and socioeconomic status. These non-genetic influences on the heritability of a trait can be attributed to epigenetics. Epigenetic inheritance can result from modifications passed down from the mother, father, or both, resulting in either maternal, paternal, or parental epigenetic inheritance, respectively. These epigenetic modifications can be passed to the offspring to result in multigenerational, intergenerational, or transgenerational inheritance. Human and animal models of opioid exposure have shown generational effects that result in molecular, developmental, and behavioral alterations in future generations.
物质滥用（包括阿片类药物滥用）的遗传可能受与环境相关的遗传和非遗传因素影响，如压力和社会经济地位。这些对性状遗传力的非遗传影响可归因于表观遗传学。表观遗传继承可源于来自母亲、父亲或双方传递下来的修饰，分别导致母系、父系或双亲表观遗传继承。这些表观遗传修饰可传递给后代，导致多代、代际或跨代遗传。阿片类药物暴露的人类和动物模型已显示出代际效应，导致后代出现分子、发育和行为改变。
