Wang Cuicui, Zheng Yanmin, Zhang Ya, Liu Dong, Guo Li, Wang Bo, Zuo Hui
School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Front Nutr. 2022 Jul 8;9:926390. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.926390. eCollection 2022.
This study aimed to explore the association between dietary patterns and hypertension based on a community-based survey in Suzhou, Eastern China.
This cross-sectional analysis was undertaken from the subset of the Suzhou Food Consumption and Health State Survey in 2018-2019. Adults aged ≥ 18 years were invited to participate in this survey. Dietary intake was collected by a 24-h dietary recall and a weighing method over three consecutive days (including two weekdays and one weekend day). Dietary patterns were defined using factor analysis. Association between the dietary patterns and hypertension was examined by multivariable logistic regression models with adjustment for covariates. Moreover, sensitivity analysis was used to reinforce our findings.
A total of 2,718 participants were included in the final analysis. Rice-vegetable pattern, fast food pattern, fruit-dairy pattern, and wheat-meat pattern were identified. We observed that the fruit-dairy pattern was inversely associated with hypertension after adjustment for all the covariates (OR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.75; = 0.002). The association between the wheat-meat pattern and hypertension was attenuated and became statistically nonsignificant in sensitivity analyses. The other two patterns were not significantly associated with hypertension ( > 0.05).
The fruit-dairy pattern was inversely associated with the risk of hypertension among Chinese adults. Our findings further emphasize the important role of optimal diet combination in the prevention of hypertension.
本研究旨在基于中国东部苏州的一项社区调查，探讨饮食模式与高血压之间的关联。
本横断面分析基于2018 - 2019年苏州食物消费与健康状况调查的子集进行。邀请年龄≥18岁的成年人参与此项调查。通过连续三天（包括两个工作日和一个周末日）的24小时饮食回顾法和称重法收集饮食摄入量。使用因子分析定义饮食模式。通过多变量逻辑回归模型并对协变量进行调整，检验饮食模式与高血压之间的关联。此外，进行敏感性分析以强化我们的研究结果。
最终分析纳入了2718名参与者。识别出了大米 - 蔬菜模式、快餐模式、水果 - 奶制品模式和小麦 - 肉类模式。我们观察到，在对所有协变量进行调整后，水果 - 奶制品模式与高血压呈负相关（OR = 0.55；95% CI：0.40，0.75；P = 0.002）。在敏感性分析中，小麦 - 肉类模式与高血压之间的关联减弱且无统计学意义。其他两种模式与高血压无显著关联（P > 0.05）。
水果 - 奶制品模式与中国成年人高血压风险呈负相关。我们的研究结果进一步强调了最佳饮食组合在预防高血压中的重要作用。
