Department of Urology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy.
Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, UK.
Curr Urol Rep. 2022 Sep;23(9):165-174. doi: 10.1007/s11934-022-01103-y. Epub 2022 Jul 25.
Kidney stone disease (KSD) and recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI) are frequently concomitant conditions. We conducted a systematic review to determine the association of UTI in patients with KSD and to assess the outcomes of kidney stone treatment in the resolution of rUTI.
Our systematic review included 17 papers and a strong association between KSD and rUTI was demonstrated by numerous studies. Surgical clearance of kidney stones usually resulted in the resolution of UTI, but discordant data persist regarding recurrence rates after surgery. In vitro studies might unveil the causative role of bacteria in the formation of "metabolic" stones. Our SR clearly shows that UTI and KSD are mutually coexisting, and reciprocally causal and such patients should be counselled for proactive intervention by stone removal especially when UTIs are recurrent or additional risk factors are present irrespective of stone composition. To prevent further UTI episodes, if possible, a stone culture must be obtained for an effectively targeted antibiotic treatment regime tailored to bacterial prevalence.
肾结石病（KSD）和复发性尿路感染（rUTI）常同时存在。我们进行了一项系统综述，以确定 KSD 患者尿路感染的相关性，并评估肾结石治疗对 rUTI 的疗效。
我们的系统综述包括 17 篇论文，许多研究表明 KSD 和 rUTI 之间存在很强的关联。肾结石的手术清除通常会导致尿路感染的消退，但手术后的复发率仍存在不一致的数据。体外研究可能揭示了细菌在“代谢性”结石形成中的因果作用。我们的综述清楚地表明，尿路感染和肾结石病是相互并存的，互为因果关系，因此，应建议此类患者积极采取结石清除措施，特别是在尿路感染反复发作或存在其他危险因素时，无论结石成分如何。为了防止进一步的尿路感染，如有可能，应进行结石培养，以获得针对细菌流行情况的有效靶向抗生素治疗方案。
