Department of Marine Biology, The Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Koushy Ave., Mount Carmel, Haifa 3498838, Israel.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jul 21;23(14):8048. doi: 10.3390/ijms23148048.
Gastrointestinal cancer refers to malignancy of the accessory organs of digestion, and it includes colorectal cancer (CRC) and pancreatic cancer (PC). Worldwide, CRC is the second most common cancer among women and the third most common among men. PC has a poor prognosis and high mortality, with 5-year relative survival of approximately 11.5%. Conventional chemotherapy treatments for these cancers are limited due to severe side effects and the development of drug resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new and safe drugs for effective treatment of PC and CRC. Historically, natural sources-plants in particular-have played a dominant role in traditional medicine used to treat a wide spectrum of diseases. In recent decades, marine natural products (MNPs) have shown great potential as drugs, but drug leads for treating various types of cancer, including CRC and PC, are scarce. To date, marine-based drugs have been used against leukemia, metastatic breast cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, and ovarian cancer. In this review, we summarized existing studies describing MNPs that were found to have an effect on CRC and PC, and we discussed the potential mechanisms of action of MNPs as well as future prospects for their use in treating these cancers.
胃肠道癌症是指消化附属器官的恶性肿瘤，包括结直肠癌（CRC）和胰腺癌（PC）。在全球范围内，CRC 是女性中第二常见的癌症，男性中第三常见的癌症。PC 的预后较差，死亡率较高，5 年相对生存率约为 11.5%。这些癌症的传统化疗治疗由于严重的副作用和耐药性的发展而受到限制。因此，迫切需要开发新的安全药物，以有效治疗 PC 和 CRC。从历史上看，天然来源——尤其是植物——在用于治疗各种疾病的传统医学中发挥了主导作用。近几十年来，海洋天然产物（MNPs）作为药物显示出巨大的潜力，但用于治疗各种类型癌症（包括 CRC 和 PC）的药物先导化合物却很少。迄今为止，基于海洋的药物已用于治疗白血病、转移性乳腺癌、软组织肉瘤和卵巢癌。在这篇综述中，我们总结了现有的描述对 CRC 和 PC 有影响的 MNPs 的研究，并讨论了 MNPs 的潜在作用机制以及它们在治疗这些癌症中的未来前景。
