Wiencek Isabeau, Hartmann Maria, Merkel Jörg, Trittmacher Sara, Kreienbrock Lothar, Hennig-Pauka Isabel
Field Station for Epidemiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 49456 Bakum, Germany.
Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training for Health at the Human-Animal-Environment Interface, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Pathogens. 2022 Jun 24;11(7):721. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11070721.
(Gps) causes high economic losses in pig farms worldwide. So far no vaccine provides cross-protection for different serotypes, so antibiotic treatment is widely used to cope with this pathogen. In this study, routine diagnostic data from 2046 pigs with Gps related diseases sent for necropsy to a German laboratory in the time period 2006-2021 were analysed retrospectively. In the time period 2018-2021, the most frequent serotypes (ST) detected were ST4 (30%) and ST13 (22%). A comparison of the reference period 2006-2013 prior to obligatory routine recording of antimicrobial usage in livestock with the period 2014-2021 resulted in a statistically significant decrease of frequencies of resistant Gps isolates for ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, spectinomycin, tiamulin and tilmicosin. While in 2006-2013 all isolates were resistant for tetracyclin and cephalothin, frequencies of resistant isolates decreased in the second time period to 28% and 62%, respectively. Parallel to the reduction of antimicrobial usage, during recent years a reduction in resistant Gps isolates has been observed, so only a low risk of treatment failure exists. Most frequently, pigs positive for Gps were also positive for (25.4%), PRRSV-EU (25.1%) and influenza virus (23%). The viral pathogens may act as potential trigger factors.
全球定位系统（Gps）给世界各地的养猪场造成了巨大的经济损失。到目前为止，尚无疫苗能为不同血清型提供交叉保护，因此抗生素治疗被广泛用于应对这种病原体。在本研究中，回顾性分析了2006年至2021年期间送往德国一家实验室进行尸检的2046头患有与Gps相关疾病的猪的常规诊断数据。在2018年至2021年期间，检测到的最常见血清型（ST）为ST4（30%）和ST13（22%）。将2006年至2013年（家畜强制常规记录抗菌药物使用情况之前的参考期）与2014年至2021年进行比较，结果显示头孢噻呋、恩诺沙星、红霉素、壮观霉素、替米考星和替米考星耐药Gps分离株的频率在统计学上显著下降。虽然在2006年至2013年期间所有分离株对四环素和头孢菌素均耐药，但在第二个时间段，耐药分离株的频率分别降至28%和62%。与抗菌药物使用量的减少同时，近年来观察到耐药Gps分离株减少，因此治疗失败的风险很低。最常见的情况是，Gps检测呈阳性的猪对（25.4%）、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV-EU，25.1%）和流感病毒（23%）也呈阳性。病毒病原体可能是潜在的触发因素。
