家猫中细小病毒在猫泛白细胞减少症爆发期间的低宿主内和宿主间遗传多样性。

Low Intrahost and Interhost Genetic Diversity of in Domestic Cats during a Feline Panleukopenia Outbreak.

机构信息

City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China.

Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

出版信息

Viruses. 2022 Jun 28;14(7):1412. doi: 10.3390/v14071412.

Feline panleukopenia (FPL), a highly contagious and frequently fatal disease of cats, is caused by Feline parvovirus (FPV) and Canine parvovirus (CPV). We characterised the diversity of these Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 variants in 18 faecal samples collected from domestic cats with FPL during an outbreak, using targeted parvoviral DNA metagenomics to a mean depth of >10,000 × coverage per site. All samples comprised FPV alone. Compared with the reference FPV genome, isolated in 1967, 44 mutations were detected. Ten of these were nonsynonymous, including 9 in nonstructural genes and one in VP1/VP2 (Val232Ile), which was the only one to exhibit interhost diversity, being present in five sequences. There were five other polymorphic nucleotide positions, all with synonymous mutations. Intrahost diversity at all polymorphic positions was low, with subconsensus variant frequencies (SVF) of <1% except for two positions (2108 and 3208) in two samples with SVF of 1.1−1.3%. Intrahost nucleotide diversity was measured across the whole genome (0.7−1.5%) and for each gene and was highest in the NS2 gene of four samples (1.2−1.9%). Overall, intrahost viral genetic diversity was limited and most mutations observed were synonymous, indicative of a low background mutation rate and strong selective constraints.

猫泛白细胞减少症（FPL）是一种高度传染性且经常致命的猫病，由猫细小病毒（FPV）和犬细小病毒（CPV）引起。我们使用靶向细小病毒 DNA 宏基因组学，对在一次暴发期间从患有 FPL 的家猫中收集的 18 份粪便样本中的这些食肉动物原型细小病毒 1 变体的多样性进行了特征描述，每个样本的平均深度>10,000×覆盖度。所有样本均仅包含 FPV。与 1967 年分离的参考 FPV 基因组相比，共检测到 44 个突变。其中 10 个是非同义突变，包括非结构基因中的 9 个和 VP1/VP2（Val232Ile）中的 1 个，这是唯一表现出宿主间多样性的突变，存在于 5 个序列中。还有其他 5 个多态核苷酸位置，均为同义突变。除了两个样本（SVF 为 1.1-1.3%）的两个位置（2108 和 3208）外，所有多态性位置的宿主内多样性均较低，亚共识变体频率（SVF）<1%。在两个样本中，SVF 为 1.1-1.3%。在所有样本中，除了两个样本（SVF 为 1.1-1.3%）的两个位置（2108 和 3208）外，所有多态性位置的宿主内多样性均较低，亚共识变体频率（SVF）<1%。在两个样本中，SVF 为 1.1-1.3%。在所有样本中，除了两个样本（SVF 为 1.1-1.3%）的两个位置（2108 和 3208）外，所有多态性位置的宿主内多样性均较低，亚共识变体频率（SVF）<1%。在两个样本中，SVF 为 1.1-1.3%。在所有样本中，除了两个样本（SVF 为 1.1-1.3%）的两个位置（2108 和 3208）外，所有多态性位置的宿主内多样性均较低，亚共识变体频率（SVF）<1%。在两个样本中，SVF 为 1.1-1.3%。在所有样本中，除了两个样本（SVF 为 1.1-1.3%）的两个位置（2108 和 3208）外，所有多态性位置的宿主内多样性均较低，亚共识变体频率（SVF）<1%。在两个样本中，SVF 为 1.1-1.3%。

宿主内核苷酸多样性是通过整个基因组（0.7-1.5%）和每个基因来测量的，在四个样本的 NS2 基因中最高（1.2-1.9%）。总的来说，宿主内病毒遗传多样性有限，大多数观察到的突变是同义突变，表明背景突变率较低，存在强烈的选择压力。