"Georgios Papanikolaou" Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece.
School of Physical Education & Sports Science, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece.
Biomolecules. 2022 Jul 22;12(8):1016. doi: 10.3390/biom12081016.
The pathophysiology of pain in patients suffering from rotator cuff (RC) tendinopathy or tears has been examined in various ways. Several molecules from tissue samples taken from the subacromial bursa, supraspinatus tendon, glenohumeral joint fluid, and synovium as well as from peripheral blood have been investigated. This article explores these studies, the assessed biomarkers, and groups their results according to the status of tendon integrity (tendinopathy or tear). Through a structured PubMed database search, 9 out of 658 articles were reviewed. Interleukins, mostly IL-1b and its antagonist, IL-1ra, matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs), the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and TNF-a are biomarkers directly searched for correlation to pain level. Most studies agree that IL-1b is directly positively correlated to the degree of pain in patients with RC tendinopathy, especially when the examined sample is taken from the subacromial bursa. VEGF, and TNF-a have been related to shoulder pain preoperatively and TNF-a has also been linked with sleep disturbance. Further studies pointing to more biomarkers taken from the subacromial bursa or tendon directly relating to pain degree are warranted.
患有肩袖（RC）肌腱病或撕裂的患者的疼痛病理生理学已通过多种方式进行了研究。已经研究了取自肩峰下囊、冈上肌腱、盂肱关节液和滑膜以及外周血的组织样本中的几种分子。本文探讨了这些研究，评估了生物标志物，并根据肌腱完整性（肌腱病或撕裂）的状态对其结果进行了分组。通过对 PubMed 数据库的结构化搜索，回顾了 658 篇文章中的 9 篇。白细胞介素，主要是 IL-1b 和其拮抗剂 IL-1ra、基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和 TNF-a 是直接搜索与疼痛程度相关的生物标志物。大多数研究都认为，IL-1b 与 RC 肌腱病患者的疼痛程度直接呈正相关，尤其是当检查样本取自肩峰下囊时。VEGF 和 TNF-a 与术前肩部疼痛有关，TNF-a 也与睡眠障碍有关。需要进一步的研究指出更多来自肩峰下囊或肌腱的直接与疼痛程度相关的生物标志物。
