Stress Adaptation and Metabolism Unit, Department of Microbiology, Université Paris-Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France.
Biomolecules. 2022 Jul 22;12(8):1019. doi: 10.3390/biom12081019.
Many bacteria possess all the machineries required to grow on fatty acids (FA) as a unique source of carbon and energy. FA degradation proceeds through the ß-oxidation cycle that produces acetyl-CoA and reduced NADH and FADH cofactors. In addition to all the enzymes required for ß-oxidation, FA degradation also depends on sophisticated systems for its genetic regulation and for FA transport. The fact that these machineries are conserved in bacteria suggests a crucial role in environmental conditions, especially for enterobacteria. Bacteria also possess specific enzymes required for the degradation of FAs from their environment, again showing the importance of this metabolism for bacterial adaptation. In this review, we mainly describe FA degradation in the model, and along the way, we highlight and discuss important aspects of this metabolism that are still unclear. We do not detail exhaustively the diversity of the machineries found in other bacteria, but we mention them if they bring additional information or enlightenment on specific aspects.
许多细菌拥有生长在脂肪酸 (FA) 上所需的所有机制，FA 是一种独特的碳源和能量来源。FA 的降解通过β-氧化循环进行，该循环产生乙酰辅酶 A 和还原的 NADH 和 FADH 辅助因子。除了β-氧化所需的所有酶外，FA 的降解还依赖于其遗传调控和 FA 转运的复杂系统。这些机制在细菌中保守，这表明它们在环境条件中具有重要作用，特别是对肠杆菌科。细菌还拥有降解环境中 FA 所需的特定酶，这再次表明这种代谢对细菌适应具有重要意义。在这篇综述中，我们主要描述了模型中的 FA 降解，同时强调并讨论了该代谢途径中仍不明确的重要方面。我们没有详细详尽地描述其他细菌中发现的各种机制，但如果它们在特定方面提供了额外的信息或启示，我们会提及它们。
