Hohmann Lindsey A, Garza Kimberly B
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 1330J Walker Building, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Department of Health Outcomes Research and Policy, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, 4306B Walker Building, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Pharmacy (Basel). 2022 Jul 18;10(4):85. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy10040085.
The theory of planned behavior (TPB) states that behavioral intention is the best predictor of actual behavior change. However, intention explains only a portion of the variance in behavior. Of specific interest is the question of which moderating or mediating variables can be leveraged to aid health promotion interventions utilizing the tenets of behavioral economics (delay discounting and commitment contracts) in the intention-behavior pathway. Impulsivity has been postulated to fill this role and may be applied to multiple behaviors. We aim to determine if impulsivity moderates the association between intention and actual behavior in the TPB, to discover what other variables may moderate or mediate this association, and to apply the findings to future studies in the field of behavioral economics. To this end, a systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, PsychINFO, and Embase online databases. Eligible studies in peer-reviewed journals published prior to November 2021 were selected. Thirty-three studies were included in the final review, examining physical activity, diet, preventive health, mental health, addiction, and medication adherence behaviors. Three main concepts emerged: (1) impulsivity moderates the association between intention and behavior change; (2) self-efficacy moderates the association between intention and behavior change; and (3) planning and self-efficacy contribute to moderated mediation. This review demonstrates a gap in the literature regarding the application of the TPB to the intention-behavior pathway for health behaviors. Future studies in behavioral economics may leverage the variables of impulsivity, self-efficacy, and planning to predict follow-through in this area and to develop targeted change initiatives.
计划行为理论（TPB）指出，行为意图是实际行为改变的最佳预测指标。然而，意图仅解释了行为差异的一部分。特别值得关注的问题是，在意图 - 行为路径中，哪些调节或中介变量可用于利用行为经济学原理（延迟折扣和承诺合同）辅助健康促进干预措施。冲动性被假定可发挥这一作用，并且可能适用于多种行为。我们旨在确定冲动性是否在TPB中调节意图与实际行为之间的关联，发现其他可能调节或中介这种关联的变量，并将研究结果应用于行为经济学领域的未来研究。为此，我们使用PubMed、PsychINFO和Embase在线数据库进行了系统综述。选取了2021年11月之前发表在同行评审期刊上的符合条件的研究。最终综述纳入了33项研究，这些研究考察了身体活动、饮食、预防保健、心理健康、成瘾和药物依从行为。出现了三个主要概念：（1）冲动性调节意图与行为改变之间的关联；（2）自我效能感调节意图与行为改变之间的关联；（3）计划和自我效能感有助于调节中介作用。本综述表明，在将TPB应用于健康行为的意图 - 行为路径方面，文献存在空白。行为经济学领域的未来研究可能会利用冲动性、自我效能感和计划等变量来预测该领域的后续行动，并制定有针对性的改变举措。
