Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Piazza Luigi Miraglia, 80138 Naples, Italy.
Department of Radiology, Ospedale del Mare, Via Enrico Russo, 80147 Naples, Italy.
Tomography. 2022 Jul 15;8(4):1836-1850. doi: 10.3390/tomography8040154.
Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, primarily causes a respiratory tract infection that is not limited to respiratory distress syndrome, but it is also implicated in other body systems. Systemic complications were reported due to an exaggerated inflammatory response, which involves severe alveolar damage in the lungs and exacerbates the hypercoagulation that leads to venous thrombosis, ischemic attack, vascular dysfunction and infarction of visceral abdominal organs. Some complications are related to anticoagulant drugs that are administrated to stabilize hypercoagulability, but increase the risk of bleeding, hematoma and hemorrhage. The aim of this study is to report the diagnostic role of CT in the early diagnosis and management of patients with severe COVID-19 complications through the most interesting cases in our experience.
The retrospective analysis of patients studied for COVID-19 in our institution and hospitals, which are part of the university training network, was performed.
Pneumomediastinum, cortical kidney necrosis, splenic infarction, cerebral ischemic stroke, thrombosis of the lower limb and hematomas are the most major complications that are reviewed in this study.
Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the CT imaging modality with its high sensitivity and specificity remains the preferred imaging choice to diagnose early the different complications associated with COVID-19, such as thrombosis, ischemic stroke, infarction and pneumomediastinum, and their management, which significantly improved the outcomes.
导致 COVID-19 的冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 主要引起呼吸道感染，不仅限于呼吸窘迫综合征，还涉及其他身体系统。由于炎症反应过度，报告了全身并发症，这涉及肺部严重的肺泡损伤，并加剧导致静脉血栓形成、缺血性发作、血管功能障碍和内脏腹部器官梗死的高凝状态。一些并发症与用于稳定高凝状态的抗凝药物有关，但会增加出血、血肿和出血的风险。本研究旨在通过我们的经验中最有趣的病例，报告 CT 在严重 COVID-19 并发症患者的早期诊断和管理中的诊断作用。
对在我们的机构和大学培训网络所属的医院中研究 COVID-19 的患者进行回顾性分析。
气胸、皮质肾坏死、脾梗死、脑缺血性中风、下肢血栓形成和血肿是本研究中回顾的主要并发症。
自 COVID-19 大流行开始以来，CT 成像方式以其高灵敏度和特异性仍然是诊断 COVID-19 相关不同并发症（如血栓形成、缺血性中风、梗死和气胸）及其管理的首选成像选择，这显著改善了预后。
