大脑结构的协变与儿童的屏幕媒体活动和外化行为有关。
Brain structural covariation linked to screen media activity and externalizing behaviors in children.
机构信息
1 Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, USA.
2 Center of Alcohol and Substance Use Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
出版信息
J Behav Addict. 2022 Jun 30;11(2):417-426. doi: 10.1556/2006.2022.00044. Print 2022 Jul 13.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Screen media activity (SMA) may impact neurodevelopment in youth. Cross-sectionally, SMA has been linked to brain structural patterns including cortical thinning in children. However, it remains unclear whether specific brain structural co-variation patterns are related to SMA and other clinically relevant measures such as psychopathology, cognition and sleep in children.
METHODS
Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) participants with useable baseline structural imaging (N = 10,691; 5,107 girls) were analyzed. We first used the Joint and Individual Variation Explained (JIVE) approach to identify cortical and subcortical covariation pattern(s) among a set of 221 brain features (i.e., surface area, thickness, or cortical and subcortical gray matter (GM) volumes). Then, the identified structural covariation pattern was used as a predictor in linear mixed-effect models to investigate its associations with SMA, psychopathology, and cognitive and sleep measures.
RESULTS
A thalamus-prefrontal cortex (PFC)-brainstem structural co-variation pattern (circuit) was identified. The pattern suggests brainstem and bilateral thalamus proper GM volumes covary more strongly with GM volume and/or surface area in bilateral superior frontal gyral, rostral middle frontal, inferior parietal, and inferior temporal regions. This covariation pattern highly resembled one previously linked to alcohol use initiation prior to adulthood and was consistent in girls and boys. Subsequent regression analyses showed that this co-variation pattern associated with SMA (β = 0.107, P = 0.002) and externalizing psychopathology (β = 0.117, P = 0.002), respectively.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
Findings linking SMA-related structural covariation to externalizing psychopathology in youth resonate with prior studies of alcohol-use initiation and suggest a potential neurodevelopmental mechanism underlying addiction vulnerability.
背景与目的
屏幕媒体活动（SMA）可能会影响年轻人的神经发育。横断面研究表明，SMA 与包括儿童皮质变薄在内的大脑结构模式有关。然而，目前尚不清楚特定的大脑结构协变模式是否与 SMA 以及儿童其他临床相关的指标（如精神病理学、认知和睡眠）有关。
方法
对具有可用基线结构成像的青少年大脑认知发育（ABCD）参与者（N=10691；5107 名女性）进行了分析。我们首先使用联合和个体变异解释（JIVE）方法，从一组 221 个大脑特征（即表面积、厚度或皮质和皮质下灰质（GM）体积）中确定皮质和皮质下协变模式。然后，将确定的结构协变模式用作线性混合效应模型的预测因子，以研究其与 SMA、精神病理学以及认知和睡眠指标的关系。
结果
确定了丘脑-前额叶皮层（PFC）-脑干结构协变模式（回路）。该模式表明，脑干和双侧丘脑GM 体积与双侧额上回、额中回、顶下小叶和颞下回的 GM 体积和/或表面积的相关性更强。这种协变模式与之前成年前与酒精使用开始有关的模式非常相似，并且在女孩和男孩中一致。随后的回归分析表明，这种协变模式与 SMA（β=0.107，P=0.002）和外化精神病理学（β=0.117，P=0.002）分别相关。
讨论与结论
将与 SMA 相关的结构协变与青少年外化精神病理学联系起来的发现与先前关于酒精使用开始的研究相呼应，并提示了成瘾易感性的潜在神经发育机制。
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