College of Economics & Management, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Research Center for Green Development of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 25;19(15):9037. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159037.
Unhealthy eating is one cause of obesity and some chronic non-communicable diseases. This study introduces self-efficacy and health consciousness to construct an extended health belief model (HBM) to examine the factors influencing healthy eating intentions and behaviors of Chinese residents and explore the moderating effect of perceived barriers and the mediating effect of healthy eating intentions. Through the survey platform "Questionnaire Star", this study collected quantitative data from 1281 adults, and partial least squares structural equation modeling was used for confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis, importance-performance map analysis, and multi-group analysis. Results showed that perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, self-efficacy, and health consciousness had a significant positive effect on residents' healthy eating intentions. Perceived barriers had a significant negative effect on residents' healthy eating intentions. Healthy eating intentions had a significant positive effect on healthy eating behaviors. Perceived barriers played a significant negative moderating effect between healthy eating intentions and behaviors. Healthy eating intentions had a positive and significant mediating effect. The multi-group analysis showed that extended HBM has relative generalization ability. The extended HBM has good explanatory and predictive power for healthy diet and provides a new framework for understanding the influencing factors of individuals' healthy eating intentions and behaviors.
不健康的饮食是导致肥胖和一些慢性非传染性疾病的原因之一。本研究引入自我效能感和健康意识，构建扩展健康信念模型（HBM），以检验影响中国居民健康饮食意向和行为的因素，并探讨感知障碍的调节作用和健康饮食意向的中介作用。本研究通过调查平台“问卷星”，从 1281 名成年人中收集了定量数据，并采用偏最小二乘结构方程建模进行验证性因子分析、路径分析、重要性-绩效图分析和多组分析。结果表明，感知易感性、感知严重性、感知效益、自我效能感和健康意识对居民的健康饮食意向有显著的正向影响。感知障碍对居民的健康饮食意向有显著的负向影响。健康饮食意向对健康饮食行为有显著的正向影响。感知障碍在健康饮食意向和行为之间起到了显著的负向调节作用。健康饮食意向具有积极且显著的中介作用。多组分析表明，扩展 HBM 具有相对的概括能力。扩展 HBM 对健康饮食有很好的解释和预测能力，为理解个体健康饮食意向和行为的影响因素提供了新的框架。
