GOLDIC therapy in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: randomized, controlled trial.

Comparison of the efficacy of conservative treatment methods: epidural GOLDIC serum, epidural steroid injections, manual therapy. A randomized, controlled trial. Three groups, each containing 30 patients. GOLDIC or steroid injections (dexamethasone) epidural versus manual therapy. Assessment: initial assessment and 4 (T1), 12 (T2) and 24 (T3) weeks after the last intervention. Primary outcomes: Pain intensity in numeric rating scale, Oswestry disability index, Zurich claudication questionnaire, EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. GOLDIC has shown the highest mean differences and number of cases with minimal important difference among groups for every primary outcome. GOLDIC therapy could be a new option for the nonoperative, symptomatic treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis and is not inferior to epidural steroid injections and manual therapy.