Max Stern Academic College of Emek-Yezreel, Nursing Department, Israel.
Nazareth Hospital and the Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Israel.
J Interpers Violence. 2023 Feb;38(3-4):3586-3611. doi: 10.1177/08862605221111415. Epub 2022 Jul 28.
Dealing with the outbreak of the new coronavirus has generated unprecedented challenges around the world, including in Israel. Women of childbearing age may be forced to live under particularly difficult circumstances during the pandemic. The current study among Israeli women of childbearing age has three main objectives related to the specific period of the COVID-19 pandemic: to study the prevalence and predictors of intimate partner violence (IPV); to investigate the prevalence and predictors of depression; to examine whether IPV mediates the association between general stress, fear of COVID-19 and depression as an outcome. In a cross-sectional study, 722 married women, Jewish and Arab residents of Israel, were recruited to answer an online self-completion questionnaire during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaire included an assessment of their degree of general stress and depression, fear of COVID-19, experiences of IPV and demographic variables. The results of the current study show that a high percentage of women reported IPV (with Muslim women reporting higher IPV than Jewish women), perceived stress (PSS), perceived COVID-19 stress and depression. The findings also show that IPV and its three dimensions mediate the relationship between COVID-19 stress and depression, such that higher stress was related to higher IPV, raising the odds for depression. Moreover, the total scores for IPV and emotional violence were found to mediate the relationship between stress and depression. That is, domestic violence explains part of the association between stress and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Indeed, the current pandemic has resulted in an increase in IPV and depression, and especially in the specific stress associated with the disease itself. Based on the findings of the current study, preventing violence will reduce stress-related depression. The Muslim population, and especially those who are more religious, is in particular need of intervention.
应对新冠病毒的爆发给全世界带来了前所未有的挑战，以色列也不例外。育龄妇女在大流行期间可能被迫生活在特别困难的环境中。目前，这项针对以色列育龄妇女的研究有三个主要目标，与 COVID-19 大流行的特定时期有关：研究亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的流行率和预测因素；调查抑郁的流行率和预测因素；研究 IPV 是否在一般压力、对 COVID-19 的恐惧与抑郁作为结果之间的关联中起中介作用。在一项横断面研究中，招募了 722 名已婚、具有犹太和阿拉伯裔的以色列女性，让她们在 COVID-19 大流行的第一波期间在线完成自我报告问卷。问卷包括对她们一般压力和抑郁程度、对 COVID-19 的恐惧、亲密伴侣暴力经历和人口统计学变量的评估。目前研究的结果表明，很大比例的女性报告了亲密伴侣暴力（穆斯林女性报告的亲密伴侣暴力比犹太女性更高）、感知压力（PSS）、感知 COVID-19 压力和抑郁。研究结果还表明，亲密伴侣暴力及其三个维度在 COVID-19 压力和抑郁之间起中介作用，即较高的压力与较高的亲密伴侣暴力相关，增加了抑郁的可能性。此外，亲密伴侣暴力和情感暴力的总分被发现在压力和抑郁之间起中介作用。也就是说，家庭暴力解释了 COVID-19 大流行期间压力和抑郁之间部分关联。事实上，目前的大流行导致亲密伴侣暴力和抑郁增加，特别是与疾病本身相关的特定压力增加。基于目前研究的结果，预防暴力将减少与压力相关的抑郁。穆斯林人口，尤其是那些宗教信仰更虔诚的人，特别需要干预。
