Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia.
Dream Science and Technology College, Dessie, Ethiopia.
J Interpers Violence. 2022 Jun;37(11-12):NP8632-NP8650. doi: 10.1177/0886260520976222. Epub 2020 Dec 8.
Ethiopia has taken unprecedented preventive measures, such as confinement to home and closure of schools and offices to halt the spread of Corona virus pandemic in the country. Unfortunately, such orders may have been associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) against women but there is no study conducted to assess the magnitude of IPV during the lock-downs in the country. Thus, this study intended to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of IPV against women during the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on sample of 617 married or cohabited women. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to identify and enroll women who are married. A logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of IPV among women and all statistical analyses were carried out using STATA 14.2. In this study, amongst the 589 married women who were included in the analysis, 22.4% [95% CI: 19.1%, 25.9%] were experienced at least one form of IPV. Additionally, 11.0%, 20.0%, and 13.8% of women also experienced physical, psychological, and sexual IPVs respectively. After adjusting for covariate; being illiterate [AOR=2.37: 95% CI 1.29, 4.35], having illiterate husband [AOR=2.67: 95% CI 1.36, 5.21], having substance user husband (alcohol, chat or cigarettes) [AOR=2.75: 95% CI 1.42, 5.34], and community tolerant attitude to violence [AOR=2.97: 95% CI 1.17, 7.61] were the independent predictors of IPV amongst married women. In conclusion, the prevalence of IPV among married women was comparable to the national pre-COVID figure of IPV. Therefore, national and regional governments should work toward enhancing gender equality, coupled with addressing risk factors at multiple levels, using community- and institution-based approaches to prevent IPV and to specifically achieve SDG5 of eliminating violence against women by 2030.
埃塞俄比亚采取了前所未有的预防措施，例如居家隔离和关闭学校和办公室，以阻止科罗娜病毒在该国的传播。不幸的是，这些命令可能与针对妇女的亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）有关，但没有研究评估该国封锁期间 IPV 的严重程度。因此，本研究旨在调查 COVID-19 大流行限制期间针对妇女的 IPV 的流行率和相关因素。这是一项基于社区的横断面研究，对 617 名已婚或同居的妇女进行了抽样调查。采用系统随机抽样技术确定并招募已婚妇女。使用逻辑回归分析确定妇女中 IPV 的预测因素，所有统计分析均使用 STATA 14.2 进行。在这项研究中，在所分析的 589 名已婚妇女中，有 22.4%[95%CI:19.1%,25.9%]经历过至少一种形式的 IPV。此外，分别有 11.0%、20.0%和 13.8%的妇女也经历过身体、心理和性 IPV。在调整了协变量后；不识字[OR=2.37:95%CI1.29,4.35]、丈夫不识字[OR=2.67:95%CI1.36,5.21]、丈夫有物质使用问题（酒精、聊天或香烟）[OR=2.75:95%CI1.42,5.34]和社区对暴力的宽容态度[OR=2.97:95%CI1.17,7.61]是已婚妇女中 IPV 的独立预测因素。总之，已婚妇女中 IPV 的流行率与 COVID 前全国 IPV 的流行率相当。因此，国家和地区政府应努力促进性别平等，同时在多个层面上解决风险因素，采用基于社区和机构的方法来预防 IPV，并特别实现到 2030 年消除针对妇女的暴力行为的可持续发展目标 5。
