Characterization, Hypoglycemic Activity, and Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Extracts From : and Studies.

The dried fruit of is well-known as a spice as well as a Chinese traditional herb. This study aimed to identify the bioactive constituents in the powder of methanol extract from (PMEAT) and to evaluate the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of PMEAT, and . We identified 36 phytochemicals in PMEAT by employing HPLC-MS/MS. PMEAT solution was found to have potent α-glucosidase-inhibiting activity (IC, 0.145 mg/mL) , twice as strong as that of acarbose (IC, 0.273 mg/mL). To investigate the hypoglycemic activity of PMEAT , we studied the impact of low-dose PMEAT (the addition of 100 mg/kg PMEAT to the mice diet) and high-dose PMEAT (200 mg/kg PMEAT addition) treatments in STZ-induced diabetic mice. After 6 weeks of intervention, significantly decreased fasting blood glucose (FBG) ( < 0.05), significantly decreased area under the curve (AUC) of the oral glucose tolerance test ( < 0.05), significantly decreased HOMA-IR ( < 0.05), and significantly increased HOMA-β ( < 0.05) were observed in the high-dose PMEAT group. Moreover, we performed an antioxidant activity experiment . The results showed that PMEAT had a strong ability to scavenge DPPH (IC, 0.044 mg/mL) as well as ABTS free radicals (IC, 0.040 mg/mL). In an animal experiment conducted on oxidative damage mice model which was induced by D-glucose and a high-fat diet, we observed significantly increased dismutase (SOD) ( < 0.01), glutathione (GSH) ( < 0.01), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) ( < 0.01) and significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-ISO-prostaglandin-PGF2α (8-ISO-PGF2α), after treatment with PMEAT for 90 days. In conclusion, this study reveals the therapeutic potential of for the treatment of diabetes and helps us discover new antioxidant candidates from natural sources.