Shanmugham Velmurugan, Subban Ravi
Department of Chemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Salem-Kochi Highway, Eachanari, Coimbatore, 641 021, India.
Food Technol Biotechnol. 2022 Jun;60(2):202-212. doi: 10.17113/ftb.60.02.22.7376.
Obesity increases mortality and morbidity due to its impact on type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases, arthritis and certain cancers. The epidemic of excessive mass and obesity require constant research to improve therapies without undesirable side effects. Therefore, exploring the anti-obesity phytochemicals from food sources is essential. Most pharmacological studies of the anti-obesity potential of have been directed towards capsaicin and very few towards capsanthin. However, these studies utilized uncoated capsaicin and capsanthin. This study aims to compare the anti-obesity effects of enteric-coated capsaicin and capsanthin in a high-fat diet-induced obesity in animal model.
In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity properties of capsanthin-enriched pellets and capsaicin pellets derived from red chili fruit () on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice. First, the animals received HFD to induce their obesity. Animals were supplemented orally with pellets. The food intake, body mass, obesity and clinical biomarkers were assessed.
The mice fed with HFD gained body mass and white adipose tissue mass compared to the mice that consumed a normal diet. The oral administration of capsanthin-enriched pellets and capsaicin pellets significantly reduced the body mass gain. These pellets have a statistically significant (p<0.05) impact on obesity biomarkers by increasing adiponectin and decreasing leptin, free fatty acid and insulin concentrations relative to HFD control. There was no change in the liver mass in all groups, but there was a significant decrease in white adipose tissue amounts. Inguinal adipose tissue amount was reduced by 37.0% and that of epididymal adipose tissue by 43.64% after treatment with capsanthin-enriched pellets. These results suggest that capsanthin-enriched pellets and capsaicin pellets may be useful in combating metabolic diseases, including obesity, without adverse effects.
We increased the content of capsanthin for more than 50% in capsanthin-enriched extract and extended the room temperature stability for more than one year by converting the crystals into capsanthin-enriched pellets. This study breaks new ground by examining the potential of capsanthin >50% in the management of obesity for the first time.
肥胖因其对2型糖尿病、心血管疾病、胃肠道疾病、关节炎和某些癌症的影响而增加死亡率和发病率。超重和肥胖的流行需要持续开展研究，以改进治疗方法且无不良副作用。因此，从食物来源中探索抗肥胖植物化学物质至关重要。大多数关于辣椒素抗肥胖潜力的药理学研究都集中在辣椒素上，而针对辣椒红素的研究很少。然而，这些研究使用的是未包衣的辣椒素和辣椒红素。本研究旨在比较肠溶包衣辣椒素和辣椒红素在高脂饮食诱导的动物肥胖模型中的抗肥胖作用。
在本研究中，我们研究了从红辣椒果实中提取的富含辣椒红素的颗粒和辣椒素颗粒对C57BL/6J小鼠高脂饮食（HFD）诱导的肥胖的抗肥胖特性。首先，给动物喂食高脂饮食以诱导肥胖。动物通过口服补充颗粒。评估食物摄入量、体重、肥胖情况和临床生物标志物。
与食用正常饮食的小鼠相比，喂食高脂饮食的小鼠体重增加，白色脂肪组织增多。口服富含辣椒红素的颗粒和辣椒素颗粒显著降低了体重增加。相对于高脂饮食对照组，这些颗粒通过增加脂联素并降低瘦素、游离脂肪酸和胰岛素浓度，对肥胖生物标志物有统计学显著影响（p<0.05）。所有组的肝脏重量均无变化，但白色脂肪组织量显著减少。用富含辣椒红素的颗粒治疗后，腹股沟脂肪组织量减少了37.0%，附睾脂肪组织量减少了43.64%。这些结果表明，富含辣椒红素的颗粒和辣椒素颗粒可能有助于对抗包括肥胖在内的代谢疾病，且无不良影响。
我们通过将晶体转化为富含辣椒红素的颗粒，使富含辣椒红素的提取物中辣椒红素含量增加了50%以上，并将室温稳定性延长了一年以上。本研究首次通过研究辣椒红素含量>50%在肥胖管理中的潜力开辟了新领域。
