Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.
Institute of Orthopedics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Orthop Surg. 2022 Sep;14(9):1951-1957. doi: 10.1111/os.13393. Epub 2022 Aug 4.
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a progressive disease that often necessitates hip replacement if hip preservation therapy fails. ONFH places a heavy economic burden and severe psychological pressure on patients. At present, ONFH is treated by either surgical or non-surgical methods. In clinical practice, stem cells combined with surgery has achieved some positive results, but many problems remain to be resolved. Exosomes are small vesicles of 30-150 nm, which are rich in various nucleic acids, proteins, and small molecules depending on the cells from which they are derived. A growing number of studies have found that exosomes play an important role in tissue damage repair. In comparison with stem cells, exosomes have lower immunogenicity. Also, exosomes can promote cell proliferation and inhibit tumor growth. In addition, exosomes can also be used as natural carriers of drugs. Many studies have shown that exosomes have therapeutic effects in hormone-induced ONFH. Exosomes have the effect of promoting vascular regeneration and show good application prospects in ONFH. Here, we present a review of studies on the application of exosomes in ONFH to provide a reference for future research.
股骨头坏死（ONFH）是一种进行性疾病，如果保髋治疗失败，通常需要进行髋关节置换。ONFH 给患者带来了沉重的经济负担和严重的心理压力。目前，ONFH 的治疗方法有手术和非手术两种。在临床实践中，干细胞联合手术已取得一定积极成果，但仍有许多问题亟待解决。外泌体是直径为 30-150nm 的小囊泡，根据其来源细胞的不同，富含各种核酸、蛋白质和小分子。越来越多的研究发现，外泌体在组织损伤修复中发挥着重要作用。与干细胞相比，外泌体的免疫原性更低。此外，外泌体还可以促进细胞增殖，抑制肿瘤生长。另外，外泌体还可以作为药物的天然载体。许多研究表明，外泌体在激素诱导的 ONFH 中具有治疗作用。外泌体具有促进血管再生的作用，在 ONFH 中具有良好的应用前景。本文就外泌体在 ONFH 中的应用研究进展作一综述，为今后的研究提供参考。
