Singh Kshetrimayum Birla, Rajan Jay Prakash
Department of Life Science, Manipur University, Imphal, India.
Department of Zoology, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl, India.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Jul 19;13:932459. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.932459. eCollection 2022.
Cyanobacteria have attracted the attention of researchers because of their promising role as primary and secondary metabolites in functional food and drug design. Due to an ever-increasing awareness of health and the use of natural products to avoid the onset of many chronic and lifestyle metabolic diseases, the global demand for the use of natural drugs and food additives has increased in the last few decades. There are several reports about the highly valuable cyanobacterial products such as carotenoids, vitamins, minerals, polysaccharides, and phycobiliproteins showing antioxidant, anti-cancerous, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and antimicrobial properties. Recently, it has been shown that allophycocyanin increases longevity and reduces the paralysis effect at least in . Additionally, other pigments such as phycoerythrin and phycocyanin show antioxidative properties. Because of their high solubility in water and zero side effects, some of the cyanobacterial tetrapyrrole derivatives, i.e., pigments, facilitate an innovative and alternative way for the beverage and food industries in place of synthetic coloring agents at the commercial level. Thus, not only are the tetrapyrrole derivatives essential constituents for the synthesis of most of the basic physiological biomolecules, such as hemoglobin, chlorophyll, and cobalamin, but also have the potential to be used for the synthesis of synthetic compounds used in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. In the present review, we focused on the different aspects of tetrapyrrole rings in the drug design and food industries and addressed its remaining limitations to be used as natural nutrient supplements and therapeutic agents.
蓝藻因其在功能性食品和药物设计中作为初级和次级代谢产物的潜在作用而吸引了研究人员的关注。由于人们对健康的意识不断提高，以及使用天然产物来避免许多慢性和生活方式代谢疾病的发生，在过去几十年中，全球对天然药物和食品添加剂的需求有所增加。有几份报告指出，类胡萝卜素、维生素、矿物质、多糖和藻胆蛋白等极具价值的蓝藻产物具有抗氧化、抗癌、抗炎、降血糖和抗菌特性。最近的研究表明，别藻蓝蛋白至少在[具体生物]中可延长寿命并减轻麻痹作用。此外，其他色素如藻红蛋白和藻蓝蛋白也具有抗氧化特性。由于它们在水中的高溶解性和零副作用，一些蓝藻四吡咯衍生物，即色素，为饮料和食品行业提供了一种创新的替代方法，可在商业层面取代合成色素。因此，四吡咯衍生物不仅是大多数基本生理生物分子（如血红蛋白、叶绿素和钴胺素）合成的必需成分，而且还具有用于合成制药和营养保健品行业中使用的合成化合物的潜力。在本综述中，我们重点关注了四吡咯环在药物设计和食品工业中的不同方面，并探讨了其作为天然营养补充剂和治疗剂使用时仍然存在的局限性。
