Sathawane Prajakta, Kamal Meherbano M, Deotale Pramodini R, Mankar Hirkini
Department of Pathology, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, India.
Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Cytojournal. 2022 Jun 14;19:43. doi: 10.25259/CMAS_03_18_2021. eCollection 2022.
The impressive list of achievements of Dr. G. N. Papanicolaou and his tedious journey from normal to abnormal human cell includes the importance of wet fixation of cells and the development of the unique polychromatic Pap stain. The 5-dye Pap stain method evolved through 2 salient phases. The first being the development of wet fixation using alcohol-ether to enhance cellular transparency and the second phase saw the introduction of various cytoplasmic counterstaining methods using orange G and EA (light green, Bismarck brown, eosin) and phosphotungstic acid, facilitating the distinction of cell types. The specific characteristics of the staining method is, the cellular transparency combined with crisp nuclear staining, achieved through tailored cellular fixation and cytoplasmic staining using variable dye and pH combinations. With little modifications if any the Pap stain continues to be applied uniformly globally. However, institutional supply of dyes and chemicals from different companies make minor modifications, that remain consistent, an essential part of the staining protocol. This chapter describes the preparation and principles of various components of the stain that are being currently used in our department.
G. N. 帕潘尼古拉乌博士令人瞩目的成就清单以及他从正常人类细胞到异常人类细胞的漫长历程，包括细胞湿固定的重要性以及独特的多色巴氏染色法的发展。五染料巴氏染色法经历了两个显著阶段。第一阶段是使用酒精 - 乙醚进行湿固定以提高细胞透明度，第二阶段引入了各种使用橘黄G和EA（亮绿、俾斯麦棕、伊红）以及磷钨酸的细胞质复染方法，便于区分细胞类型。该染色方法的具体特点是，通过定制的细胞固定以及使用不同染料和pH组合进行细胞质染色，实现细胞透明度与清晰的细胞核染色相结合。巴氏染色法即便有改动也极小，在全球范围内仍被统一应用。然而，不同公司提供的染料和化学试剂在机构层面会带来一些细微但持续一致的改动，这是染色方案的重要组成部分。本章描述了我们科室目前使用的染色剂各成分的制备方法和原理。
