Feng Wuwen, Liu Juan, Cheng Hao, Zhang Dandan, Tan Yuzhu, Peng Cheng
State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Front Nutr. 2022 Jul 19;9:939571. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.939571. eCollection 2022.
Gut microbiota, a group of microorganisms that live in the gastrointestinal tract, plays important roles in health and disease. One mechanism that gut microbiota in modulation of the functions of hosts is achieved through synthesizing and releasing a series of metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids. In recent years, increasing evidence has indicated that dietary compounds can interact with gut microbiota. On one hand, dietary compounds can modulate the composition and function of gut microbiota; on the other hand, gut microbiota can metabolize the dietary compounds. Although there are several reviews on gut microbiota and diets, there is no focused review on the effects of dietary compounds on gut microbiota-derived metabolites. In this review, we first briefly discussed the types of gut microbiota metabolites, their origins, and the reasons that dietary compounds can interact with gut microbiota. Then, focusing on gut microbiota-derived compounds, we discussed the effects of dietary compounds on gut microbiota-derived compounds and the following effects on health. Furthermore, we give our perspectives on the research direction of the related research fields. Understanding the roles of dietary compounds on gut microbiota-derived metabolites will expand our knowledge of how diets affect the host health and disease, thus eventually enable the personalized diets and nutrients.
肠道微生物群是生活在胃肠道中的一组微生物，在健康和疾病中发挥着重要作用。肠道微生物群调节宿主功能的一种机制是通过合成和释放一系列代谢产物，如短链脂肪酸来实现的。近年来，越来越多的证据表明，膳食化合物可以与肠道微生物群相互作用。一方面，膳食化合物可以调节肠道微生物群的组成和功能；另一方面，肠道微生物群可以代谢膳食化合物。虽然有几篇关于肠道微生物群和饮食的综述，但没有关于膳食化合物对肠道微生物群衍生代谢产物影响的专题综述。在这篇综述中，我们首先简要讨论了肠道微生物群代谢产物的类型、它们的来源以及膳食化合物能够与肠道微生物群相互作用的原因。然后，聚焦于肠道微生物群衍生的化合物，我们讨论了膳食化合物对肠道微生物群衍生化合物的影响以及随后对健康的影响。此外，我们对相关研究领域的研究方向提出了自己的看法。了解膳食化合物对肠道微生物群衍生代谢产物的作用将扩展我们对饮食如何影响宿主健康和疾病的认识，从而最终实现个性化饮食和营养。
