Buchmann K, Christiansen L-L, Kania P W, Thamsborg S M
Section of Parasitology and Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C., Denmark.
Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2022 Jul 21;18:292-299. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.07.005. eCollection 2022 Aug.
In the year 2012 a total of seven individuals (one bull and six cows) of European bison () were introduced to a fenced 200 ha area in a forest district (Almindingen, Island Bornholm, Denmark) in the Baltic Sea. In 2017 the herd was supplemented by introduction of another bull. The animals all originated from a population in the Polish Bialowieza forest. Faecal samples were recovered with intervals and subjected to a copro-parasitological investigation (applying egg flotation, sedimentation and Baermann technique). In addition, parasites were sampled during necropsy of animals euthanized or found dead three years after introduction. The animals carried a range of parasite types including trematodes (liver fluke and rumen fluke), cestodes (), nematodes ( trichurids and other gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) including and ). Egg and larval morphology also suggested presence of GIN genera and The trematodes did not establish a life cycle in the recipient area, as judged by examination of calves born in the new area, but the cestode and several nematode species occurred in these animals. Especially was successfully spread and occurred together with GIN at moderate to high infection intensities at most sampling points. The reproduction among bison in the herd was high during the first few years. The exact birth rate is unknown but up to 24 calves are believed to be born during the ten year study period. Mortality among adults and calves occurred and in early June 2022 the total number of live animals was 11 (seven males, three females, one calf). The possible impact of the parasite infections on the bison health and future wildlife infection status is discussed.
2012年，7头欧洲野牛（1头公牛和6头母牛）被引入波罗的海丹麦博恩霍尔姆岛森林区（阿尔明丁根）一个围栏围起来的200公顷区域。2017年，又引入了1头公牛，使牛群数量得到补充。这些动物均来自波兰比亚沃维耶扎森林的一个种群。定期采集粪便样本，并进行粪便寄生虫学调查（采用虫卵漂浮法、沉淀法和贝尔曼氏法）。此外，在引入动物三年后对安乐死或死亡动物进行尸检时采集寄生虫样本。这些动物携带多种寄生虫类型，包括吸虫（肝片吸虫和瘤胃吸虫）、绦虫、线虫（毛首线虫和其他胃肠道线虫，包括和）。虫卵和幼虫形态也表明存在属和属的胃肠道线虫。通过对新区域出生的小牛进行检查判断，吸虫在引入区域未建立起生命周期，但这些动物体内出现了绦虫和几种线虫物种。尤其是成功传播，并且在大多数采样点与胃肠道线虫一起以中度至高度感染强度出现。在最初几年，牛群中野牛的繁殖率很高。确切的出生率未知，但在为期十年的研究期间，据信有多达24头小牛出生。成年牛和小牛都有死亡情况发生，到2022年6月初，存活动物总数为11头（7头雄性、3头雌性、1头小牛）。文中讨论了寄生虫感染对野牛健康和未来野生动物感染状况可能产生的影响。
