Huang Xiaoli, Li Minghao, Huang Ya, Yang Hai, Geng Yi, Ouyang Ping, Chen Defang, Yin Lizi, Yang Shiyong, Jiang Jun, Luo Wei, He Zhi
Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Haide Aquatic Technology Co., Ltd, Yibin, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Jul 22;13:892026. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.892026. eCollection 2022.
Ditchless rice-crayfish co-culture is an emerging model of rice-crayfish farming that circumvents the potential hazards of digging ditches in traditional rice-crayfish farming. However, due to the complex interactions among crayfish, ambient microbiota, and environmental variables, it is necessary to assess the differences in bacterial structure between ditchless and traditional rice-crayfish culture. In this study, the crayfish culture area in the Sichuan basin was selected as the study area, and the bacterial communities of two rice-crayfish culture systems were compared by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA. The results showed that the ditchless system had lower water depth, higher dissolved oxygen, lower total ammonia nitrogen and lower morbidity. There are intuitive differences in the composition of environmental bacterial communities due to environmental changes, even if they are similar in composition at the phylum level. Microbiota in sediments from ditchless systems appear to produce less ammonia nitrogen. The abundance of the pathogens colonizing the intestine of ditchless crayfish was lower than ditched one, and the composition was similar to water. Ditch-farmed crayfish appear to be more susceptible to environmental microbes and have a more fragile intestinal structure. Water depth and dissolved oxygen are the main environmental factors that determine the distribution of microbiota. This study is the first to investigate the bacterial ecology of a ditchless rice- crayfish farming system. The results show that the ditchless rice-crayfish culture model has a more superior bacterial system than the traditional rice-crayfish culture.
稻虾共作免沟模式是一种新兴的稻虾养殖模式，避免了传统稻虾养殖中挖沟的潜在危害。然而，由于小龙虾、环境微生物群和环境变量之间存在复杂的相互作用，有必要评估免沟和传统稻虾养殖模式下细菌结构的差异。本研究选取四川盆地小龙虾养殖区作为研究区域，通过16S rDNA高通量测序比较了两种稻虾养殖系统的细菌群落。结果表明，免沟系统水深较低、溶解氧较高、总氨氮较低且发病率较低。由于环境变化，即使在门水平上组成相似，环境细菌群落的组成也存在直观差异。免沟系统沉积物中的微生物群似乎产生较少的氨氮。免沟小龙虾肠道内定植的病原菌丰度低于有沟养殖的小龙虾，且组成与水体相似。有沟养殖的小龙虾似乎更容易受到环境微生物的影响，肠道结构更脆弱。水深和溶解氧是决定微生物群分布的主要环境因素。本研究首次对稻虾共作免沟养殖系统的细菌生态学进行了研究。结果表明，稻虾共作免沟养殖模式比传统稻虾养殖模式具有更优越的细菌系统。
